Laboratory Animals: Biopolitics and the Medical Industry in Rise of the Planet of the Apes

實驗室動物：《猩球崛起》中的生命政治和醫療行業

張錫恩(Hsi-En Chang)

《淡江外語論叢》 33期 (2020/06) Pp. 24-42

https://doi.org/10.29716/TKSFLL.202006_(33).0002

摘要

This paper analyzes Rise of the Planet of the Apes (2011) in terms of the issue of laboratory animals and two areas of critical theory: Michel Foucault's theory of biopolitics, and Jacques Derrida's term pharmakon, which embraces meanings of both remedy and poison. The main argument of the paper is that laboratory animals are akin to political prisoners and other kinds of prisoners held (and killed) in detention camps. To make that argument, the paper first briefly defines biopolitics and then relates that definition to the status and condition of laboratory animals based on the representation of apes in the film, which are inspired by actual apes in animal laboratories. The paper discusses those apes, too, before turning to the issue of the pharmaceutical industry's reliance on laboratory animals. The last part of the paper examines that industry through Derrida's pharmakon, a concept that traces back to Plato's Phaedrus. In discussing that concept, the paper emphasizes that when humans experiment on the bodies of other animals to find cures for diseases, they are dealing in acts of both great remedy and great harm.

關鍵字

apes ； biopolitics ； camps ； genome research ； pharmakon

並列摘要

《猩球崛起》（2011）討論實驗室動物問題及此一概念如何與傅柯的生命政治及德希達的「藥物」相互牽絆。本論文旨在將實驗室動物視為政治犯和其他在拘留營中被關押（和殺害）的囚犯歸為同一邏輯。為說明這個論點，論文首先簡要地定義了生命政治的要意，然後根據電影中猿類的表現，將現實世界中實驗室動物的狀態和條件相互聯繫，同時也對製藥業的實驗室動物和電影中的人猿作對比分析。其次，本文通過德希達的藥物，研究了這個行業以及這個概念的源起及其歷史脈絡。在討論這個概念時，本文結論特別強調人類在其他動物的身體上進行實驗以尋找治療疾病的方法時，人類的科學實驗也同時對環境產生既像救治卻又造成巨大的倫理衝突。

並列關鍵字

猿 ； 生命政治 ； 營地 ； 基因組研究 ； 藥物

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