以決策權衡與意圖檢視運動行為改變模式及生活滿意度之關係

The Application of Decisional Balance and Intention to Examining Relationships between Patterns of Behaviour Change for Exercise and Life Satisfaction

張志成(Chih-Chen Chang) ； 許聰鑫(Tsong-Shin Sheu) ； 李保建(Pao-Chien Li)

《大專體育學刊》 8卷4期 (2006/12) Pp. 51-62

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200612_8(4).0004

摘要

本研究目的為：一、以決策權衡與意圖了解六個月階段改變存在行為模式；二、比較不同改變模式在生活滿意度的差異。本研究採縱貫方法進行調查，以郵寄方式在六個月中進行兩次運動參與程度問卷、運動行為階段問卷、運動決策權衡問卷、運動行為意圖量表及生活滿意量表施測，共完成評量受試者158人（平均年齡39.48±11.50歲）。所得資料以兩階段集群法、區別分析及單因子多變量變數分析進行處理。結果發現：一、決策權衡與意圖會讓階段改變形成前進、後退及維持三種模式。二、前進模式乃受第一個月自覺利益與意圖影響形成，後退模式是受第一個月自覺障礙影響形成，維持模式則受第六個月自覺障礙影響形成。三、前進模式在第一、六個月的生活滿意度高於維持或後退模式。本研究結論認為：決策權衡及意圖可讓階段改變形成不同改變模式，且受運動參與程度調節存在生活滿意度差異；依此建議行為改變初期及過程，應增加自覺利益與意圖，讓階段改變呈前進模式並藉由運動參與程度，增加生活滿意度，而改變過程應排除自覺障礙，避免形成後退或維持模式，且應增加運動參與程度，以提高生活滿意度。

關鍵字

自覺利益 ； 自覺障礙 ； 縱貫取向調查 ； 行為模式 ； 集群分析

並列摘要

This study examined the impact of decisional balance upon the six months period in changes of behaviour patterns; and compared the differences among the different patterns of behaviour change in life satisfaction. The longitudinal method was utilized in this study, and there were 158 (average age 39.48±11.50 years old) swimming pool members who completed questionnaires twice in six months. The research instruments were an exercise behavior involvement questionnaire, an exercise behavior stage questionnaire, an exercise decision balance inventory, an exercise behavior intention inventory and a life satisfaction inventory. The collected data were analyzed by the two-stage clustering approach, discriminant analysis, and one-way MANOVA. The results were as the following. First, decision balance and intention could the stage of change process form three patterns of behaviour change: the progressive pattern, the backward pattern, and the retain pattern. Second, the progressive pattern was affected by perceived benefits and intention in the first month, the backward pattern was affected by perceived barriers in the first month, and the retain pattern was affected by perceived barriers in the sixth month. Third, the progressive pattern had higher exercise behavior involvement and life satisfaction than those of the retain pattern and the backward pattern. This study found that decisional balance and intention could result in behaviour changes from different behaviour patterns, and also exercise behavior involvement adjustment promoted life satisfaction. According to this suggestion the behavior change in the initial period and the process should increase the perceived benefits and intention, let the behaviour change forming the progressive model. The affiliation by exercise behavior involvement increased life satisfaction. But the behaviour change process supposed to remove the perceived barriers avoids forming backward or retaining the model, and should increase the exercise behavior involvement to enhance life satisfaction.

並列關鍵字

perceived benefits ； perceived barriers ； longitudinal approach survey ； behaviour patterns ； cluster analysis

參考文獻

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American College of Sport Medicine(2000).Guidelines for graded exercise testing and prescription.Philadelphia:Williams & Wilkins.

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