不同技能水準者飛鏢投擲時腦波頻譜功率與連貫性之差異

Effects of Skill Levels on EEG Spectral Power and Coherence during Dart Throw

吳建霆(Chien-Ting Wu) ； 洪聰敏(Tsung-Min Hung)

《大專體育學刊》 9卷2期 (2007/06) Pp. 39-50

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200706_9(2).0003

摘要

本研究以三組（共計44位）技能水準不同（初級15位、中級13位、好手級16位）的飛鏢手為研究參與者，探討技能水準與腦波頻譜功率與連貫性的關係，研究結果發現腦波α1、α2以及β1之連貫性統計上無法區辨這三組參與者。但是在腦波頻譜功率部分則發現與技能水率關係密切，好手級參與者在飛鏢投擲瞄率期間之α1、α2以及β1功率隨著接近投擲出手點逐步上升，這個結果與過去在相似運動上的發現有部分相似，但是更值得注意的是，上述這三個腦波頻率之相似性，由於傳統上以α功率作為大腦皮質放鬆的指標，而β功率則代表大腦皮質活化；因此過去在這類型研究所發現的α功率升高皆被解釋為大腦的放鬆，但是本研究發現飛鏢好手在瞄準期間其α1、α2以及β1功率皆有上升的現象。這樣的發現顯示僅僅以放鬆或活化來解釋這些腦波頻率所代表之意義可能是不夠的，雖然心理動作效率假說在解釋與預測運動技能與大腦資源投入效率方面有其合理性，但是這個假說在應用腦波作為檢驗工具上之關係可能是複雜的。

關鍵字

最佳心理狀態 ； 腦波功率 ； 腦波連貫性 ； 動作技能

並列摘要

Forty-four dart throwers of three different skill groups (15 beginners, 13 intermediates, and 16 experts) were recruited in this study to examine the effects of skill levels on BEG spectral power and on coherence during dart throw. The results showed that none of the coherence effects were significant. As for EEG power, group× time interaction effects were significant on α1, α2, and β3. Post hoc analysis revealed that only the expert group showed an increase in EEG power while approaching dart release. Furthermore, the expert group exhibited higher power in the third epoch on all three frequency bands than in the other two epochs during dart throw. This result is partially comparable to findings in the literature. However, it is noteworthy to point out the finding of similar trend among the three frequency bands in the current study. Traditionally, an increase of α has suggested an indication of brain relaxation. In contrast, β is an index of brain activation. This study found that the expert group showed increase in both α and β while approaching dart release. Such findings suggest the inadequacy of activation-relaxation explanation to EEG power espoused by past researchers. Although the psychomotor efficiency hypothesis is useful to explain and predict sport performance, it would be more complex to apply EEG to examine this principle.

並列關鍵字

optimal mental states ； EEG power ； coherence ； motor skill

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