應用社會網絡分析概念探索老年人的休閒經驗：一個質性的研究

Applying the Social Network Analysis Conception to Explore the Leisure Experiences of the Older Adults: A Qualitative Study

張俊一(Chun-Yi Chang)

《大專體育學刊》 10卷3期 (2008/09) Pp. 41-55

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.200809_10(3).0003

摘要

在全球性人口老化的趨勢之下，過去20多年來，幫助於老年人有效達到「成功老化」成為老年學研究的焦點。大部分此類型研究是集中在以量化的資料檢驗老年人參與身體活動或休閒的結果。基於此，實有需要以質性方法探索老年人深層休閒經驗，以補足對這類議題的完整瞭解。另外，社會網絡分析已被視為是探索社會行動者之間關係及互動的重要技術，本研究將社會網絡分析的概念來探索老年人的休閒互動，以深度訪談和田野觀察方法蒐集新竹地區27位65歲以上老年人一般社會網絡成員對休閒參與的影響、運動休閒社會網絡互動關係在日常生活的延伸，以及社經背景資料。研究結果發現：一、老年人一般社會網絡的成員的確為老年人提供了許多種類的休閒參與協助；二、一般社會網絡的部分成員與運動休閒社會網絡成員是重疊的；三、除了在休閒活動中的互動，老年人同時也提到他們和休閒團體中的成員在日常生活中有高度和多元性的其他互動。

關鍵字

社會支持 ； 運動休閒

並列摘要

Under the worldwide aging trend, finding ways to successful aging for the older adults has been a focus of the gerontology studies in the past two decades. Most of the existing studies have used the quantitative method to examine the consequences of the participants for physical activities or leisure. Thus, there is a need to use the qualitative method to explore the deep leisure experiences among the older adults. Besides, the social network analysis has been an important technique for exploring the relationship and interaction between the social actors. In this study, the social network analysis conception was applied to explore the older adults' leisure interaction. In-depth interviews and field observations were conducted with 27 older adults aged 65 years or more in the Hsinchu area. The interview gathered information regarding the respondents on three aspects: first, the influence of the general social network members on leisure participation; second, the extension to daily life based on the interactions within the recreation sports social network, and third, the demographic background. The findings of this studies were three-fold. First, members of the older adults' general social network also provided many kinds of assistance for leisure participants. Second, some members of the older adults' general social network coincided with those of the recreational sport social network. Third, except for the interactions in leisure activities, highly and multiple interactions in other occasions were reported by these respondents.

並列關鍵字

social support ； recreational sport

參考文獻

陳廷豪(2005)。休閒運動嗜好選擇之關鍵影響因素研究。大專體育學刊。7(3)，61-73。

呂寶靜(2000)。老人朋友網絡支持功能之初探。社會政策與社會工作學刊。4(2)，43-90。

Analnes, A. D.(1991).Social network structure, perceived social support and social network orientation: Latino and white adolescents.Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland College Park.

Burch, W. R.(1969).The social circles of leisure: Competing explanations.Journal of Leisure Research.1(2),125-147.

Dobbs, B.,Swindle, J.,Keating, N.,Eales, J.,Keefe, J.(2004).Caring contexts of rural seniors: PhaseⅡ-Technical report.Canada:Veterans Affairs Canada.