Exercise Behavior and Social Physique Anxiety among Adolescents

青少年運動行為與社會體型焦慮

陳俐蓉(Li-Jung Chen) ； 古博文(Po-Wen Ku) ； 王俊明(Junn-Ming Wang)

《大專體育學刊》 14卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 65-72

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1401.007

摘要

本研究目的在瞭解青少年社會體型焦慮與運動行為之關係，並探討在控制人口統計、心理及行為變項後，兩者關係是否有所改變。樣本來自臺灣18個中等學校，然後依方便取樣法從每個學校選取8個班級。總樣本數為4,230人，年齡12－19歲（2,223位男生、2,007位女生）。參與者填寫人口統計變項（年齡、性別、社經地位、身高與體重）、運動、體重控制、抽菸喝酒等行為變項、及心理變項（社會體型焦慮、自尊、外型描繪評分尺度與被取笑經驗）。以階層迴歸分析運動行為及相關變項的預測情形。研究結果顯示，運動行為為社會體型焦慮的顯著預測因子，可解釋2.4%的變異量。當人口統計變項加入迴歸分析，總變異量增加14.7%。運動行為仍為社會體型焦慮的顯著預測因子。最後，將行為變項及心理變項加入迴歸分析，對社會體型焦慮的預測力提高20.1%。在最後模式中，除社經地位變項，其他所有變項均為社會體型焦慮的顯著預測因子，共可解釋37.2%的變異量。在控制人口統計、心理及行為變項後，社會體型焦慮與運動行為始終維持顯著的關係。本研究納入許多社會體型焦慮與運動行為的相關變項，並進一步探討兩者間的關係。研究證實運動行為在控制人口統計、心理及行為變項後，對社會體型焦慮仍具顯著預測力。

關鍵字

青春期 ； 身體意象 ； 身體不滿意 ； 身體活動

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the link between exercise behavior and social physique anxiety (SPA) among adolescents, and also to understand the SPA-exercise behavior relationship for controlling the demographic, psychological and behavioral variables. The participants were recruited from 18 high schools in Taiwan. Eight classes in each school were selected by convenience. A total number of 4,230 adolescents aged from 12 to 19 (2,223 boys and 2,007 girls) were participated, and completed the measurement of demographic variables (age, gender, social economic status [SES], weight and height), exercise behavior, weight loss, smoking, drinking behaviors, and psychological variables (SPA scale, self-esteem scale, contour drawing rating scale, and teasing experience). A three-step forced entry multiple regression analysis was performed to determine how much of the variance in SPA was explained by exercise behavior and other variables. Examination of the regression coefficient showed that exercise behavior was a significant and negative factor of SPA, accounting for 2.4% of the variance in SPA. Demographic variables were entered for the next step, adding a further 14.7% of the variance. Exercise behavior was significantly related to SPA. When behavioral and psychological variables were added to the model, the variance increased to 20.1%. The final model revealed that except SES, all other variables were significant factors, explaining 37.2% of the variance in SPA. The exercise behavior-SPA relationship remained statistically significant even after multivariate adjustment. This study further explored the exercise behavior-SPA relationship with a broad range of variables. This study concludes that exercise behavior accounts for a significant amount of unique variance in the presence of demographic, psychological and behavioral variables.

並列關鍵字

adolescence ； body image ； body dissatisfaction ； physical activity

參考文獻

Brown, T. R.(2002).Does social physique anxiety affect women's motivation to exercise?.Journal of Undergraduate Research (UW-L).V,219-224.

Brunet, J.,Sabiston, C. M.(2009).Social physique anxiety and physical activity: A selfdetermination theory perspective.Psychology of Sport and Exercise.10(3),329-335.

Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute(2002).Increasing physical activity: Supporting an active workforce.Ontario, Canada:Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute.

Chen, L.-J.,Fox, K. R.,Haase, A. M.(2008).Body shape dissatisfaction and obesity among Taiwanese adolescents.Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition.17(3),457-460.

Chen, L.-J.,Fox, K. R.,Haase, A. M.(2010).Body image and physical activity among overweight and obese girls in Taiwan.Women's Studies International Forum.33(3),234-243.