單次甜菜鹼增補對力竭性耐力運動後細胞凋亡、氧化壓力及有氧能力的影響

Effects of Acute Betaine Supplementation on Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress and Aerobic Capacity After Exhaustive Endurance Exercise

楊明達(Ming-Ta Yang) ； 林書丞(Shu-Cheng Lin) ； 簡鸝慧(Li-Hui Chien) ； 詹貴惠(Kuei-Hui Chan)

《大專體育學刊》 20卷4期 (2018/12) Pp. 373-383

https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.201812_20(4).0007

摘要

本研究目的在探討單次甜菜鹼增補對力竭性耐力運動後細胞凋亡、氧化壓力及有氧能力之影響。研究以10位健康男性為對象，採雙盲、交叉、平衡次序之設計，實驗參與者分別飲用300 ml含有1.25 g甜菜鹼的運動飲料與安慰劑（僅運動飲料），在增補後1小時以80% VO_(2max)的強度進行力竭性耐力運動測試。記錄運動期間平均心跳率、最大心跳率、跑步至力竭時間及攝氧峰值，並於運動前、運動後立即與運動後3小時採集靜脈血以測量淋巴球細胞凋亡、粒線體膜電位下降現象與硫巴比妥酸反應物質及蛋白質羰基濃度。結果顯示：安慰劑增補在運動後立即與運動後3小時之淋巴球細胞凋亡現象皆顯著高於運動前，而甜菜鹼增補下則僅在運動後3小時顯著高於運動前；且甜菜鹼增補的淋巴球細胞凋亡現象在運動後立即與運動後3小時皆顯著低於安慰劑增補，其他依變項在二種增補間則無顯著差異。本研究結論顯示單次甜菜鹼增補能有效減緩力竭性耐力運動後淋巴球細胞凋亡的現象，但對淋巴球粒線體膜電位下降現象、氧化壓力及有氧能力並無效益。

關鍵字

粒線體膜電位 ； 硫巴比妥酸反應物質 ； 蛋白質羰基 ； 跑步至力竭時間 ； 攝氧峰值

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute betaine supplementation on apoptosis, oxidative stress and aerobic capacity after exhaustive endurance exercise. In a double-blind, crossover and counterbalanced study, ten healthy men were recruited and performed an exhaustive exercise test with 80% VO_(2max) after 1 hour of the supplementation of betaine (1.25 g of betaine mixed in 300 ml of sport beverage) and placebo (only sport beverage). The average heart rate, maximal heart rate, running time to exhaustion and peak oxygen uptake were recorded during the exercise period. Venous blood samples were drawn before, immediately after and 3 hours after exercise to determine the phenomenons of apoptosis and mitochondrial transmembrane potential decline (MTP decline) of lymphocytes, as well as the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and protein carbonyl (PC). The results indicated that the phenomenon of apoptotic lymphocytes in participants with placebo supplementation at immediately after and 3 hours after exercise was significantly higher than before exercise. However, the apoptotic lymphocytes at 3 hours after exercise was significantly higher than before exercise in betaine supplementation. Moreover, the phenomenon in participants with betaine supplementation at immediately after and 3 hours after exercise were significantly lower than with placebo supplementation. There were no significant differences in other variables between supplementations. Our findings conclude that acute betaine supplementation can effectively attenuate the phenomenon of apoptotic lymphocytes after exhaustive endurance exercise. However, betaine supplementation had no benefits on MTP decline, oxidative stress and aerobic capacity.

並列關鍵字

mitochondrial transmembrane potential ； thiobarbituric acid reactive substance ； protein carbonyl ； running time to exhaustion ； peak oxygen uptake

參考文獻

何正峰、石俊益、詹貴惠、王錠堯(2012)。上坡高強度間歇訓練對籃球運動員有氧能力與下肢動力的影響。大專體育學刊。14(4)，476-482。

Huang, C. Y.,Hsieh, Y. L.,Ju, D. T.,Lin, C. C.,Kuo, C. H.,Liou, Y. F.,Lin, J. Y.(2015).Attenuation of magnesium sulfate on CoCl2-induced cell death by activating ERK1/2/MAPK and inhibiting HIF-1α via mitochondrial apoptotic signaling suppression in a neuronal cell line.The Chinese Journal of Physiology.58(4),244-253.

Alfieri, R. R.,Cavazzoni, A.,Petronini, P. G.,Bonelli, M. A.,Caccamo, A. E.,Borghetti, A. F.,Wheeler, K. P.(2002).Compatible osmolytes modulate the response of porcine endothelial cells to hypertonicity and protect them from apoptosis.The Journal of Physiology.540(2),499-508.

Alirezaei, M.(2015).Betaine protects cerebellum from oxidative stress following levodopa and benserazide administration in rats.Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences.18(10),950-957.

Apicella, J. M.,Lee, E. C.,Bailey, B. L.,Saenz, C.,Anderson, J. M.,Craig, S. A.,Maresh, C. M.(2013).Betaine supplementation enhances anabolic endocrine and Akt signaling in response to acute bouts of exercise.European Journal of Applied Physiology.113(3),793-802.