國中小聽障學生個人助聽器之使用、知能與維護

Hearing Impaired Students' Use, Knowledge, and Maintenance of Hearing Aids

陳小娟(Hsiao-Chuan Chen)

《特殊教育與復健學報》 3期 (1993/12) Pp. 1-38

摘要

本研究的目的是調查啟聰學校、普通學校園中與國小聽障學生助聽器使用之現況與知能，以及其父母與老師對助聽器之維護狀況，主要是以三份參考國外文獻及與助聽器相關之知能所編製的問卷為研究工具。本研究之發現如下：1.國小聽障學生使用雙側助聽器（約八成）之比率高於國中生。2.配戴耳掛型助聽器者最多（超過80%），其次是口袋型。3.七成以上之助聽器都是由助聽器銷售商負責選配。4.三成以上的學生未得到經費補助其購買助聽器。5.擁有個人式耳模之比率自65.7% 至91.3%不等。6.不及50%的國中小聽障學生書包內有助聽器備用電池。7.三成多以上的國中小聽障學生並不喜歡助聽器，其中比率最高的是啟聰學校園中學生（47.4%），聽障學生是否喜歡助聽器與其是否滿意助聽器及是否從助聽器得到幫助都有密切關係。8.啟聰學校園中與國小學生對助聽器滴意的比率相近（約七成），普通園中與國小啟聰班學生亦然（超過八成）。9.聽障學生從助聽器得到幫助的比率（七成以上）遠超過他們喜歡助聽器的比率，而且略高於他們滿意助聽器的比率（普通國中啟聰班學生除外，這些學生在這兩項之比率相近）。10.普通學校聽障學生不用助聽器之比率（少於10%）比啟聰學校學生低。此外，園中聽障學生完全不用助聽器的比率比國小學生高。11.聽障學生在家中不戴助聽器的比率比在學校高。12.國小學生對助聽器認識較國中學生多，啟聰班學生的知能得分比啟聰學校學生佳。但這些學生平均答對的題數不到一半。13.國中小聽障學生對助聽器結構、助聽器出問題之所在，及與助聽器本質有關之間題不太瞭解。14.國小聽障學生之家長與老師執行助聽器檢查較認真。啟聰學校園中部學生的家長與老師定期檢查做得最少，以下依次是國中啟聰班、啟聰學校國小部，檢查較多的是國小啟聰班的學生家長與老師。15.六成以上的父母對助聽器感到滿意，啟聰學校學生的父母對助聽器滿意的比率比啟聰班為低。16.極大多數的父母與老師都鼓勵其子女使用助聽器。17.國小學生的父母與老師比國中聽障生的父母與老師動於檢查助聽器，而雖然都是國小聽障生，但是普通國小啟聰班學生的父母與老師比啟聰學校國小部學生的父母與老師檢查得頻繁些，國中亦然。

並列摘要

The purposes of the study are to investigate hearing impaired students' attitude, use, knowledge, and maintanance of hearing aids. Three questionnaires were sent to 1468 subjects. They were at either elementary or junior high school level in regular or deaf schools. Results showed as the following. (1) Elementary school students owned higher percentage of binaural hearing aids, than the junior high school students. (2) Most of the students, about 80% used behind the ear aids. (3) More than 70% of the aids were dispensed by hearing aid dealers. (4) Around 30% of the students did mot get financial support for their hearing aid purchases. (5) Nimety-one percent of the students in regular schools owned personal ear molds, while only sixty-six percent of the students in deaf schools had personal ear molds. (6) Less than 50% of the hearing impaired students had fresh batteries in their school bags. (7) At least 30% of the students did not like hearing aids. (8) More than 80% of the students in the regular schools were satisfied with the hearing aids, while only 70% of the students in the deaf schools were satisfied with the hearing aids. (9) The percentage of the students who got help from the hearing aids, 70% is higher than that who liked hearing aids. (10) students in regular schools had higher percentage of hearing-aid use than students in deaf schools. Elementary school students had higher percentage of hearing-aid use than the students in deaf schools. (11) students wore hearing aids more in schools than at homes. (12) Elementary school students knew more in schools than at homes. (12) Elementary school students knew more about hearing aids than junior high school students. so did the students in regular schools than their peer in deaf schools. Nevertheless, they all answered incorrectly in more than half of the questions. (13) Students knew little about structures, trouble shootings and natrues of hearing aids. (14) Parents of hearing impaired students at the elementary school level monitored hearing aids more frequently than parents of junior high school students. (15) More than 60% of the parents were satisfied with the hearing aids. (16) Most of the parents encouraged their children to use hearing aids.