Dialectal Variations on Syllable-final Nasal Mergers in Taiwan Mandarin

台灣華語音節末鼻音合流之方言變異

馮怡蓁(Janice Fon) ； 洪瑞梅(Jui-mei Hung) ； 黃宜萱(Yi-Hsuan Huang) ； 許慧如(Hui-ju Hsu)

《語言暨語言學》 Volume 12 Issue 2 (2011/04) Pp. 273-311

Abstracts

本文說明台灣華語音節末鼻音合流之方言變異：北部有/in/→[iŋ]及/əŋ/→[ən]，南部則外加/iŋ/→[in]。前二者為新規則，後者則源於閩語負遷移。規則意涵似由起源、類比與說者信心度決定。/iŋ/→[in]因閩語負遷移而污名化，/əŋ/→[ən]則經類比而帶負面意涵，/in/→[iŋ]則相當正面。北部人為標準語代表，對合流語形接受度較南部人高。規則意涵與發展進程成正比。/in/→[iŋ]最接近完全音韻化，/əŋ/→[ən]次之，/iŋ/→[in]最慢。同時具/in/→[iŋ]與/iŋ/→[in]者之合流率較僅有單一規則者低。推測社會意涵衝突及認知負荷增加為主因。

Keywords

音節末鼻音合流 ； 方言變異 ； 規則感知 ； 規則發展進程

Parallel abstracts

This paper reports a dialectal split in syllable-final nasal mergers between northern and southern Taiwan Mandarin: both /in/ → [iŋ] and /əŋ/ → [ən] are found in northerners' speech, while an additional /iŋ/ → [in] is reported among southerners. The former two mergers are treated as innovations while the latter is due to negative Min transfer. Rule connotation seems to be a combined result of origin, analogy, and speaker confidence. /iŋ/ → [in] is stigmatized due to Min transfer, /əŋ/ → [ən] has acquired a slight negative tang by analogy, and /in/ → [iŋ] is deemed as fairly positive. Regardless of rules, northerners, being speakers of the standard dialect, are generally more receptive to merged forms than southerners. A positive correlation is found between rule connotation and development. /in/ → [iŋ] is the closest to complete phonologization, followed by /əŋ/ → [ən], and /iŋ/ → [in], which is the least developed. Rule interaction is found in speakers that have both rules involving /i/. Those who have only one rule show higher merging rates than those who have both rules. Conflict of social connotation and increased cognitive loading are posited to be the cause.

Parallel keywords

syllable-final nasal merger ； dialectal variation ； rule perception ； rule development

References

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