臺灣地區國立大學規模經濟之研究

臺灣地區大專校院自1950年迄今，校數有近23倍的成長，學生人數亦有逾200倍的成長，目前計有163所大專校院，學生人數134萬餘人。就在大專校院快速擴張之際，各學校更應正視經營規模是否達到「規模經濟」，亦即單位學生成本隨著學校經營規模的擴大而遞減，以維持良好的經營效率及競爭力。本研究透過文獻分析與實證研究，探討臺灣地區44所國立大學經營規模經濟現況，並以直線式、U型曲線及L型曲線等三種模式進行簡單迴歸分析，以求得國立大學最適代表性成本曲線。本研究最後得到以下結論：一、國立大學經營過程中，僅有在U型曲線模式下具有規模經濟；二、國立大學經營規模大小能有效解釋單位學生成本的變動情形；三、國立大學最適代表性成本曲線為U型曲線；四、國立大學規模經濟值為3,294人。

關鍵字

國立大學；規模不經濟；規模經濟；經營規模

並列摘要

Since 1950, Universities in Taiwan had tremendous expansions in many ways, universities, nearly 23 times the number of growth. College students had more than 200 times the number of growth. There are 163 universities and 1.34 million students at present. As colleges and universities in the occasion of the rapid expansion, Schools should address the scale of operation is to achieve ”economies of scale”, that is the unit cost of students with the expansion of university will reduced operating cost to maintain good operating efficiency and competitiveness. In this study, analysis and empirical analysis of the literature is used to investigate 44 National University of operation status of economies scale. We analyzed linear, U-shaped curve and the L-curve analysis of three simple regression models in order to achieve optimal cost curve of National University representation. Finally, the following conclusions of this study are: (a) Only in the U-curve model will meet economies of scale at National University; (b) The size of the National University of scale can explain the changes in unit costs of students; (c) Representative of the National University of optimum cost curves is the U-curve; (d) The economies of scale at National University is 3,294 students.

並列關鍵字

diseconomies of scale ； economies of scale ； National University ； scale

參考文獻

行政院主計處（2011）。中華民國99年度國立大學校院校務基金收支餘絀決算彙總表。2011年5月28日，取自：http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=29202&CtNode=5433&mp=1

Google Scholar

QS Quacquarelli Symonds Ltd. (2010). World University Rankings 2010. London, UK:QS Quacquarelli Symonds Ltd. Retrieved May 28, 2011, from the World Wide Web:http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2010