新版UCP600已於2007年7月正式施行,UCP600條文不論在措詞或結構方面,皆有諸多迥異於它的前身UCP500之處。其中,關於瑕疵單據的處理與拒絕通知的發出,係規範於UCP600Art. 16(瑕疵單據、拋棄及通知),本條主要係修訂自UCP500 Art.13 b與Art.14。Art. 16對於銀行處理瑕疵單據的可行方式,發出拒絕通知的對象、方式、內容、期限與次數,瑕疵拋棄的辦理,單據的退還,補償款項的返還,以及保結押匯等方面,都有許多新增或變更的規定,對信用狀的實務運作,以及當事人間的權利與義務,勢將有一定的影響。 本文主在藉由比較UCP600 Art.16以及UCP500 Art. 14和Art.13 (b)關於瑕疵單據的處理與拒絕兌付通知的相關規定,包括條文的增刪、用字遣詞、內容與其含意,以及整體條文的結構,探討UCP600 Art.16對信用狀實務的規則與運作可能產生的影響與利弊。除期有助於銀行順利處理信用狀之下的瑕疵單據與發出拒絕通知的相關作業程序之外,並有益於銀行與其客戶對自身權利義務的正確認知,有效避免以信用狀方式付款的風險與錯誤。
Article 16 (Discrepant Documents, Waiver and Notice) is one of the most significant articles of UCP600, which is the new rules came into force for all new L/Cs issued from 1 July 2007. It alters prior rules (UCP500) with respect to the refusal of documents and raises a variety of issues with regard to proper issuance of a notice of refusal (for example, the formality and content of notice, to whom notice is to be given, the time limits of notice), post-refusal waiver, the options of available to a bank, return of the documents, preclusion, and refund of reimbursement. This paper is an attempt to identify the changes in UCP600 Art. 16 by comparing it (UCP600 Article 16) against UCP500 Article 14 and Article 13 b. Highlighting the obvious difference in phrases, sentence, implication and established procedures and practices, the main purpose of this paper is to assist bankers and their clients in becoming aware of their rights and obligations in relation to the waiver of discrepant documents and/ or the notice of refusal, furthermore, in minimizing the risks and avoiding the pitfalls.
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