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一個ERP系統之建構決定因素的理論探索:整合制度理論、資源依賴理論、資源基礎理論及交易成本理論之理論模型

A Theoretical Exploration of the Adoption of ERP: Toward an Integration Institutional Theory, Resource Dependence Theory, Resource-based View and Transaction Cost Theory

摘要


企業資源規劃(Enterprise Resource Planning; ERP)此一概念自1980年由Gartner Group提出後,至今發展已逾二十年。根據Hoffman(1998)調查Fortune前1000大企業已建構ERP系統的接近百分之七十;全球ERP市場規模預估2002年近520億美元(引自IDC's歐洲軟體專家中心報告,1999)。這些數據的背後代表ERP系統的建構已是企業在激烈競爭的環境中,不可或缺的資訊技術。 由於ERP系統導入相當昂貴,動輒數千萬元並且必須配合企業流程改造(BPR; Business Process Re-Engineering),對企業而言是項重大的組織變革,因此,過去的研究大都集中於如何有效的導入ERP系統,以提高投資報酬率。但這些研究與調查都甚少注意到:(1)企業為何要建構ERP系統,為何有些企業不建構ERP系統?(2)為什麼企業建構ERP系統增加的比率會隨著時間的增加而增加,企業是基於何種理由或目的建構ERP系統?(3)競爭者的實施、實施成本及軟體差異性等因素對企業建構ERP系統的決策有何影響? 回答上述問題,本研究整合了四個現代化的組織理論包括:(1)制度理論(2)資源依賴理論(3)資源基礎理論(4)交易成本理論。本文提出一個整合四個理論的理論模型以及九個命題進行實証探索。

並列摘要


From Gartner Group demonstrate Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) concept in 1980, it has been developed over 20 years. According to Hoffman's investigation, 70% of the Fortune 1000 companies have implemented ERP system. A recent study of IDC's (International Data) European Software Expertise Center Report that the ERP market scale estimate over $52 billion in 2002. No doubt, The ERP system implement is necessary for business in the compete environment. Moreover, the ERP system implemental cost is very expensive and need to modify business process re-engineering (BPR). For business, this is very important the organizational change. Most of pass research focused how to efficiency implemental the ERP system to increase return of investment. But these research almost not to discuss why the business need to implement the ERP system or needn't to implement the ERP system. Therefore, in this proposal, we explore theoretical explanations of manager's decisions about Enterprise Resource Planning. First, we examine the adoption Enterprise Resource Planning through four theoretic lenses: (1) institutional theory (2) resource dependence theory (3) resource-based view (4) transaction cost. We then integrate the relevant insights gained from these theories into a more complete model and derive propositions for future research.

參考文獻


Ang, S.,Straub, D. W.(1998).Production and Transaction Economic and IS Outsourcing: A Study of the U.S. Banking Industry.MIS Quarterly.26,535-553.
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