理解供應鏈系統的採用困難：實務契合度觀點的質化研究

Understanding Adoption Difficulties for Supply Chain Systems: A Practices Fit Perspective

陳信宏(Shin-Horng Chen)

《資訊管理學報》 14卷4期 (2007/10) Pp. 31-62

https://doi.org/10.6382/JIM.200710.0002

摘要

在本研究中，作者主要從實務契合度的觀點，來理解供應鏈系統的採用困難。實務契合度的觀點認為，科技具有內嵌「實務」的特性，每一種科技，根據它的目的，都會被植入一些實務，來協助企業進行商業活動。因此，所謂的科技採用就是將科技所內嵌的實務，轉移到組織或組織成員身上。然而，由於組織或組織成員本身，可能也有它／他自己一套的實務活動方式，所以科技內含實務與採用者實務之間的不契合或衝突，就會發生在科技採用的過程中。在本研究中，根據這樣的看法，作者以質化研究的方式，分析了一家筆記型電腦公司的供應鏈系統採用問題。在研究中，從供應商採用系統的立場，作者探討供應商的合作實務，與供應鏈系統所內嵌合作實務之間的契合度。從中發現，供應商根據所供應材料特性上的不同，會和該公司形成出不同類型的採購實務，而供應鏈系統所提供出的「實務」，因為和這些供應商的採購實務之間，有著全然不同的特性與假設，故導致了系統的失敗。本研究相信，這樣的研究成果，將會加深對科技採用問題的理解，並對供應鏈系統的管理，有實務的貢獻。

關鍵字

供應鏈系統 ； 科技採用 ； 實務契合度 ； 後採用階段 ； 質化研究

並列摘要

This study considers an adoption of supply chain system. This is to interpret adoption difficulties from a practices fit perspective. The perspective suggests that business practices (such as procurement practices) are embedded in the technology (such as supply chain systems), and the technology adoption could be as a transfer of the practices to the recipient's organization. However, since the organization is situated in a specific context, it has gradually developed a variety of practices to deal with business contingencies. Thus, after the technology is adopted, the difficulties of adoption may be occur, because the organizational practices could not be compatible with the practices in which technology is embedded. From this view, in the study I apply the qualitative research to report a case of supply chain system, and to analyze how the practices misfit between the system and the procurement induces the challenges of the adoption. It is concluded that there are different types of procurement practices for an organization to conduct procurement activities with their suppliers. Each type of procurement practices is affected by the characteristic of material. However, the system is not to take account of the material characteristic into the system principles. As a result, the system is considered inapplicable for supporting the procurement activities by adopters. Important implications are provided to enhance the theoretical development of technology adoption. Practical insights are discussed with regard to supply chain management.

並列關鍵字

supply chain system ； technology adoption ； practices fit ； post-adoption stage ； qualitative research

參考文獻

Attewell, P.(1992).Technology Diffusion and Organizational Learning: The Case of Business Computing.Organization Science.3(1),1-19.

Avgerou, C.(2001).The Significance of Context in Information Systems and Organizational Change.Information Systems Journal.11,43-63.

Bensaou, M.,Venkatraman, N.(1995).Configurations of Interorganizational Relationships: A Comparison between U.S. and Japanese Automakers.Management Science.41(9),1471-1492.

Boudreau, M. C.,Robey, D.(2005).Enacting Integrated Information Technology: A Human Agency Perspective.Organization Science.16(1),3-18.

Chartield, A. K.,Yetton, P.(2000).Strategic Payoff from EDI as a Function of EDI Embeddedness.Journal of Management Information Systems.16(4),195-224.