田能村竹田文人畫作品中呈現的個人與社會間之關係─以身體論視角作探討─

The Relationship between the Individual and the Society as Depicted in Tanomura Chikuden's Literati Paintings: a Discourse from the Perspective of "the Body as Spirit"

范淑文(Shu-Wen Fan)

《日本語日本文學》 Issue 37 (2012/04) Pp. 29-48

https://doi.org/10.29446/SJLL.201204.0002

Abstracts

自市川浩的研究（2001）公開後，在日本身體論的理論、研究方法等方向大致確定，近年更運用到文學研究方面，在文學作品中人的身體是如何被描寫？或如何被表象？而建築物或是城市、自然等空間亦可視為人體，探索人與城市或宇宙間關係等都涵蓋在身體論的研究範疇中。對身體論與文學創作的關係，佐藤泰正（1984）認為作品與身體論是不可切割的，他表示：「作品本身就是真正的身體論方式認知的磁場，這對作家而言深具意義。」也就是說作家執筆撰寫本身就是對身體的凝視、對個人與社會關係的一種思考。本論文中認為此理論應當可以運用到繪畫方面，眾所周知，文人為了遠離世俗煩惱或是理想不被認同而退隱山林、進而將其大志寄託於文人畫中。江戶時代文人畫大師田能村竹田文人畫作品中呈現的是何種世界？竹田追求的精神如何表現在作品中？等問題頗值得玩味，本論文中嘗試以身體論視角解讀竹田文人畫作品中表現的個人與社會間之關係。

Keywords

市川浩 ； 身體論視角 ； 田能村竹田 ； 文人畫 ； 個人與社會

Parallel abstracts

Ever since the disclosure of Ichikawa Hiroshi's research, the theory of ”the body as spirit” and how it is approached in research has been more or less decided in Japan. This theory has also been applied to studies on literature. How is the human body depicted in literary works? How is it represented? In the ”body as spirit” theory, buildings, even whole spaces like cities and nature can be seen as a ”body”, and the exploration of the relationship between the individual and the city or even the universe could be covered in the studies of this theory. Sato Yasumasa, with regards to the relationship between the ”body as spirit” theory and literary creations, believed that literary works cannot be separated from this theory. He stated that ”Literary works themselves are attempts to comprehend the body as spirit theory and are of significant meanings to their writers.” In other words, the act of writing is a writer's attempt to examine the body and contemplate the relationship between individuals and society. This paper maintains that the theory holds true for paintings too. As is known to us, literati either retire into obscurity to distance themselves from the mundane, or are forced to do this because their ideals are not recognized. They turn to commit their aspirations into literati paintings. What world is depicted in the works of Tanomura Chikuden, a literati painting master in the Edo period? How are the ideals that Chikuden pursued represented in his paintings? These are all questions worth reflection. This paper will attempt to understand the relationship between individuals and society as depicted in Chikuden’s literati paintings through the perspective of ”the body as spirit”.

Parallel keywords

Ichikawa Hiroshi ； the "body as spirit" perspective ； Tanomura Chikuden ； literati paintings ； individual and society

References

中村雄二郎編(2001)。身体論集成。岩波書店。

神林恒道(2000)。日本の芸術論。?????書房。

佐藤泰正編(1984)。文学における身体。笠間書院。

佐々木剛三、鈴木進編(1963)。竹田。日本??新聞所。

佐々木丞平、佐々木正子(1998)。文人画の鑑賞基礎知識。至文堂。