當類睡症出現在記憶門診之中

Patient with Parasomnias in a Memory Clinic

王文甫(Wen-Fu Wang) ； 王釧如(Chuan-Ju Wang) ； 黃耀庭(Yao-Ting Huang)

《The Changhua Journal of Medicine》 14卷1期 (2016/03) Pp. 44-47

https://doi.org/10.6501/CJM.1401.007

摘要

類睡症是當患者似睡似醒的階段所發生的異常現象，包括睡眠遲惰以及睡前幻覺、睡醒幻覺。睡眠遲惰會發生片段的混淆、思考緩慢、對於時間地點定向感的錯誤，知覺損傷、對外界事情做出不適當的反應。而睡前與睡醒幻覺則有栩栩如生的知覺經驗出現在剛入眠或是剛睡醒。這些情形並不是失智症，反而他們發生在過度日間睡眠的個案身上。雖然許多研究都認為定向感缺陷和幻覺是失智症的典型症狀，少有研究著眼在睡眠的影響。因此，本文嘗試分析類睡症與失智症的症狀原因的差異，以便能夠更正確的診斷。

關鍵字

阿茲海默氏病 ； 睡前幻覺 ； 睡醒幻覺 ； 睡眠遲惰

並列摘要

Parasomnias are abnormal events that occur while a person is asleep, and include sleep inertia, hypnogogic and hypnopompic hallucinations. Sleep inertia is manifested in episodes of confused and slowed thinking, disorientation regarding time and place, perceptual impairment, and inappropriate responsiveness to external stimuli. Hypnogogic and hypnopompic hallucinations are vivid perceptual experiences occurring at the onset (hypnogogic) of sleep or upon waking (hypnopompic). Sleep inertia and hypnogogic and hypnopompic hallucinations are not indicative of dementia, and can occur in someone who has excessive daytime sleepiness. Although numerous researchers have considered the typical syndromes of disorientation and hallucination, very little attention has been paid to the sleep perspective. This article attempts to clarify the distinction between parasomnias and dementia by analyzing the reasons for the occurrence of these syndromes, therefore enabling a correct diagnosis.

並列關鍵字

Alzheimer’s disease ； hypnogogic hallucinations ； hypnopompic hallucinations ； sleep inertia