應用水蚤急毒性試驗及行爲反應模式評估界面活性劑及殺蟲劑

The Application of Surfactants and Pesticides on Acute Toxicity and Phototactic Swimming Behavior Model in Aquatic Animal (Daphnia pulex)

張時獻(Shih-Hsien Chang) ； 盧啟元(Chi-Yuan Lu) ； 李明偉(Ming-Wei Lee) ； 李宣信(Shiuan-Shinn Lee) ； 許晉誠(Chin-Chen Hsu) ； 王凱淞(Kai-Sung Wang)

《中山醫學雜誌》 20卷2期 (2009/12) Pp. 125-142

https://doi.org/10.30096/CSMJ.200912.0003

摘要

Purpose: In this study, we propose a new technique of evaluating the phototactic swimming behavior by recording and analyzing swimming tracks and speeds after exposure to a toxicant.
Methods: We measured these outcome variables in freshwater cladoceran Daphnia pulex (water fleas) divided into three groups: surfactant stress, pesticide stress, and control. Swimming velocity was determined by a real time image analysis, using a digital camera, Image J V 3.6 fractal dimension and Box counting method. Swimming velocity as an outcome measure quantitated by pixel counting. The swimming tracks were analyzed by fractal dimension and ANOVA.
Results: Daphnia pulex exposed to surfactants for 0, 30 and 60 minutes were observed to swim faster (111,000 pixel) than the control group (50,100 pixel). The escape mechanism, phototactic behavior, and escape from living stress phenomenon were found during the test. The phototactic swimming speed of animals exposed to pesticides, which significantly increased (70,750 pixel) or decreased within 15 minutes depending pesticide dosage. There was a significant difference in fractal dimension (FD value) between pesticide group (Df=1.53) and surfactant group (Df=1.67) (P＜0.001). Conclusion: These methods may be used to measure the effect of surfactants and pesticides on other swimming aquatic organisms, and the results of these studies can be used as a reference when assessing reaction time in the swimming of water fleas exposed to various pollutants.

關鍵字

圓水蚤 ； 界面活性劑 ； 殺蟲劑 ； 泳動軌跡

並列摘要

Purpose: In this study, we propose a new technique of evaluating the phototactic swimming behavior by recording and analyzing swimming tracks and speeds after exposure to a toxicant.
Methods: We measured these outcome variables in freshwater cladoceran Daphnia pulex (water fleas) divided into three groups: surfactant stress, pesticide stress, and control. Swimming velocity was determined by a real time image analysis, using a digital camera, Image J V 3.6 fractal dimension and Box counting method. Swimming velocity as an outcome measure quantitated by pixel counting. The swimming tracks were analyzed by fractal dimension and ANOVA.
Results: Daphnia pulex exposed to surfactants for 0, 30 and 60 minutes were observed to swim faster (111,000 pixel) than the control group (50,100 pixel). The escape mechanism, phototactic behavior, and escape from living stress phenomenon were found during the test. The phototactic swimming speed of animals exposed to pesticides, which significantly increased (70,750 pixel) or decreased within 15 minutes depending pesticide dosage. There was a significant difference in fractal dimension (FD value) between pesticide group (Df=1.53) and surfactant group (Df=1.67) (P＜0.001). Conclusion: These methods may be used to measure the effect of surfactants and pesticides on other swimming aquatic organisms, and the results of these studies can be used as a reference when assessing reaction time in the swimming of water fleas exposed to various pollutants.

並列關鍵字

Daphnia pulex ； surfactant ； pesticide ； swimming track