小球藻吸附重金屬鎘的毒性及其餵食圓水蚤的毒害研究

Toxicity of Cadmium Adsorbed by Chlorella vulgaris and Its Feeding Relation with Daphnia pulex

張時獻(Shih-Hsien Chang) ； 盧啓元(Chi-Yuan Lu) ； 陳品潔(Pin-Jae Chen) ； 王凱淞(Kai-Sung Wang)

《中山醫學雜誌》 21卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 365-380

https://doi.org/10.30096/CSMJ.201012.0004

摘要

Purpose: The present study evaluated whether the environmental trace element, cadmium, could have bioaccumulation effects on both phytoplankton C. vulgaris and zooplankton D. pulex.
Methods: We developed an in vitro assay system to detect toxic compounds in the aquatic environment using the 5(superscript th) generation water flea (cladoceran) eggs. The eggs were placed in a culture medium containing nature-imitating water (hard water). Then, cadmium chloride was added at various doses in a series of experiments in which we performed acute toxicity tests for EC50 values, LC50 values, growth inhibition, accumulation of CdCl2 in the C. vulgaris and D. pulex. We then estimate the relationship among the test results.
Results: We found 24h-EC50 and 48h-EC50 of Cadmium chloride on D. pulex neonate to be 0.060 mg/L and 0.023 mg/L, respectively. The normal growth curve of Chlorella vulgaris showed that the growth rate increased with the concentration of the culture medium, and the growth rate was significantly better than that of the control group (p＜0.05). On the other hand, the effects of CdCl2 on C. vulgaris showed that the growth rate decreased with the concentration of CdCl2, and was significantly less than the control group (p＜0.05). The result showed that the 24h-LD50 and 48h-LD50 of CdCl2 adsorbed with C. vulgaris and feed with D. pulex were 0.038 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L, respectively.
Conclusion: From the results, we conclude that CdCl2 could be adsorbed by C. vulgaris which was consumed by the primary consumer D. pulex. The accumulation of CdCl2 is related to aquatic food relation. It can be inferred that the accumulation of CdCl2 is in D. pulex leads to hurt or death, depending on CdCl2 concentration.

關鍵字

氯化鎘 ； 小球藻 ； 圓水蚤 ； 生長抑制 ； 生物累積影響

並列摘要

Purpose: The present study evaluated whether the environmental trace element, cadmium, could have bioaccumulation effects on both phytoplankton C. vulgaris and zooplankton D. pulex.
Methods: We developed an in vitro assay system to detect toxic compounds in the aquatic environment using the 5(superscript th) generation water flea (cladoceran) eggs. The eggs were placed in a culture medium containing nature-imitating water (hard water). Then, cadmium chloride was added at various doses in a series of experiments in which we performed acute toxicity tests for EC50 values, LC50 values, growth inhibition, accumulation of CdCl2 in the C. vulgaris and D. pulex. We then estimate the relationship among the test results.
Results: We found 24h-EC50 and 48h-EC50 of Cadmium chloride on D. pulex neonate to be 0.060 mg/L and 0.023 mg/L, respectively. The normal growth curve of Chlorella vulgaris showed that the growth rate increased with the concentration of the culture medium, and the growth rate was significantly better than that of the control group (p＜0.05). On the other hand, the effects of CdCl2 on C. vulgaris showed that the growth rate decreased with the concentration of CdCl2, and was significantly less than the control group (p＜0.05). The result showed that the 24h-LD50 and 48h-LD50 of CdCl2 adsorbed with C. vulgaris and feed with D. pulex were 0.038 mg/L and 0.030 mg/L, respectively.
Conclusion: From the results, we conclude that CdCl2 could be adsorbed by C. vulgaris which was consumed by the primary consumer D. pulex. The accumulation of CdCl2 is related to aquatic food relation. It can be inferred that the accumulation of CdCl2 is in D. pulex leads to hurt or death, depending on CdCl2 concentration.

並列關鍵字

Cadimium chloride ； Chlorella vulgaris ； Daphnia pulex ； Growth inhibition ； Bioaccumulating effect