父母和語言治療師對自閉症孩童使用溝通輔具的認知與態度

Parents' and Speech-Language Pathologists' Knowledge and Attitudes toward Communication Aids for Children with Autism

鍾麗珍(Li-Chen Chung) ； 黃國祐(Kuo-You Huang) ； 黃淑琦(Shu-Chi Huang)

《中山醫學雜誌》 22卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 9-22

https://doi.org/10.30096/CSMJ.201103.0002

摘要

目的：本研究探討自閉症孩童父母和語言治療師對自閉症孩童使用溝通輔具的認知與態度，並嘗試比較兩者問是否具有差異，討論可能的影響因素。方法：採自編問卷和評量表的方式進行調查，家長問卷發放600份，回收率34%。治療師發放700份，回收率21%。結果：分析發現，89%的父母覺得孩童溝通困難，90%曾接受語言治療，62%曾選擇使用溝通輔具，以圖卡最普遍。選擇溝通輔具時，溝通效果是最重要的考量因素，其次為攜帶方便性。參與本研究的語言治療師在治療過程中經常使用輔具者佔36%，偶爾使用者有61%。最常使用的溝通輔具是圖卡，其次是溝通板和溝通簿。變異數分析發現父母和治療師對自閉症以及溝通訓練的認知並無差異，但在輔具認知、輔具接受度、使用意願和使用滿意度四個向度，父母則顯著低於語言治療師。其次，父母在各項目的評分，並不因孩童年齡、孩童性別、父母年齡、教育程度和職業類別而具有顯著差異。結論：建議治療師應多積極和家長溝通，增進家長對輔具的認識以及溝通輔具的態度，期能發揮溝通輔具最大效能，以促進自閉兒的溝通和生活品質。

關鍵字

自閉症 ； 溝通輔具 ； 態度

並列摘要

Purpose: To understand the various perspectives and attitudes between parents and speech-language pathologists toward using communication aids with autistic children and to discuss underlying determinates of these views. Methods: The researchers developed a ”Questionnaire for Parents' and Speech-Language Pathologists' Knowledge and Attitudes toward Communication Aids for Children with Autism.” Of the 600 questionnaires sent to parents and 700 sent to speech-language pathologists, 204 were returned from the parents (34%) and 144 from the speech-language pathologists (21%). Results: Eighty-nine percent of parents considered their children to have communication problems, 90% of their children had seen speech-language therapists, and 62% had used communication aids. Statistical analysis showed there were no differences between parents and speech-language pathologists with regard to their knowledge of autism and communication training for autistic children. However, parents scored significantly lower than speech-language pathologists with regard to knowledge of communication aids, recognition of communication aids, intention to use communication aids, and user satisfaction. These divergences indicated that although there was no significant difference between parents and speech-language pathologists with respect to their knowledge of autism, parents held less positive attitudes toward the use of communication aids. There were no significant differences in parents' knowledge of autism and attitude toward communication aids regardless of children's age or gender or parents' age, educational background, or occupation. Conclusions: The present study suggests that speech-language pathologists should cultivate parent appreciation for the application of communication aids and encourage their use in speech training. More frequent use of communication aids may enhance the autistic child's therapeutic experience and overall quality of life.

並列關鍵字

autism ； communication aids ； attitude