The Nature of Human Action

人類行動的本質

米建國(Chien-Kuo Mi)

《教育與社會研究》 3期 (2002/02) Pp. 167-177

https://doi.org/10.6429/FES.200202.0167

摘要

“人類行動”是社會科學的一個中心主題：無疑的，人類行動本質的哲學研究，對於社會科學本身的理解有其一定的貢獻。
本文以“什麽是人類行動”這個問題爲起點，詳細的考量人類行動與僅僅是身體的移動之間有何差別。針對這個問題，我將扼要的提出布羅貝克(Brodbeck)與韋伯(Weber)的看法，並檢驗他們主張中的優缺點。此外我還將藉著戴維(Davidson)對人類行動所提出的因果解釋，嘗試著對人類行動做一個比較完整的了解與說明。本文的目的在於，希望透過對於這些問題的探討，得以彰顯人類行動的真正本質。

關鍵字

人類行動 ； 身體移動 ； 因果解釋 ； 布羅貝克 ； 韋伯 ； 戴維森

並列摘要

Human actions are a central subject of social sciences. Philosophical research into the nature of actions, no doubt, cannot but have consequences for our understanding of social sciences themselves. This article begins by considering the problem of the individuation of a human action: what is an action and what is the difference between the action and bodily movement (or behavior)? I briefly outline and examine Brodbeck and Weber's philosophical responses to this question. I then attempt to integrate our understanding of action with Donald Davidson's view on the causal explanation of human action. The aim of my research is to reveal the nature of human action at the end.

並列關鍵字

human action ； bodily movement ； Brodbeck ； Weber ； Davidson ； causal explanation

參考文獻

Addis, L.(1975).The Logic of Society: A Philosophical Study.Minneapolis:University of Minnesota Press.

Brodbeck, May(1968).Meaning and Action.Philosophy of Science.30

Brodbeck, May(1968).Reading in the Philosophy of the Social Science.New York:Macmillan.

Davidson, D.(1980).Action, Reasons, and causes.Journal of Philosophy.60

Davidson, D.(1980).Essays on Actions and Events.Oxford:Clarendon Press.