魚類動物輔助治療之初探：以台灣某護理之家為例

The Effectiveness of a Fish-Assisted Therapy Program in a Nursing Home in Taiwan

葉明理 ； 謝佳容 ； 張淑芳 ； 羅春月 ； 陳美麗

《澳門護理雜誌》 13卷1期 (2014/06) Pp. 21-29

摘要

究目的：探討執行於動物輔助治療方案後，護理之家住民於多元觀察指標、憂鬱情緒以及目標建成行為的介入成效。研究方法：於臺灣北部某護理之家，據實驗研究設計方法，以隨機分配的原則，提供實驗組（16名）為期五週的介入方案（每週二天，每天兩次，每次30分鐘），對照組（16名）則探常規性照護活動。研究工具為長者多元觀察指標、老人憂鬱量表和目標建成行為量表，統計採概化線性模式（GEE）進行分析於活動結束後（第五週和一個月接）的效果。研究結果：研究對象在控制干擾變項（認知功能與生理功能）後，經方案介入後，長者多元觀察的指標於退縮行為的介入效果，實驗組的分數達顯著差異（β=3.08、SE=1.02、Wa1d卡方=9.04）。另於社交功能亦呈現出時間上的成長效果（β=-68.74、SE=8.89）和介入效果（第五週的成效β=44.73、SE=15.96）及延宕效果（β=30.66、SE=11.15）。但在動作、口語及憂鬱情緒方面，兩組並無顯著差異。結論：本研究初步探討動物輔助治療方案應用於住民的成效，可提供護理之家執行本項活動設計與照護策略的參考。

關鍵字

動物輔助治療 ； 響片訓練 ； 人魚互動 ； 護理之家

並列摘要

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of fish-assisted therapy (FAT) program in improving multidimensional observation index, depression, and behavioral goal attainment of residents in a nursing home. Methods: A experimental design was used in this study. Residents of a nursing home in the northern part of Taiwan were recruited randomly. The FAT program was provided to 16 residents as the experimental group for 5 weeks (two days per week, two sessions per day, and 30 min/per session). Other 16 patients in the control group continued their regular daily care activities. Research instruments included Multi-dimensional Observation Scale of Elderly Subjects (MOSES), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and scale of individualized goals. The effectiveness FAT intervention was analyzed (fifth week, and one month later)by using Generalized Estimating Equation(GEE)approach. Results: After being controlled the confounding variables (cognitive and physical function), the results showed that residents in the experimental group had statistical significant in ＂withdraw behavior＂ of MOSES (β=3.08, SE=1.02, Wald_χ2=9.04, P＜0.001),and their ＂social function＂ (β=-68.74, SE=8.89, P ＜0.001) had the growth effect (β=44.73, SE=15.96, P=0.005), the efficiency (β=44.73, SE=15.96, P=0.005 at 5th weeks), and the delayed effect (β=30.66, SE=11.15, P=0.006). All these variables showed statistical significance. However, there were not significant differences in residents'＂depression＂, ''motion ability＂, and ＂spoken ability＂ between two groups. Conclusion: This study indicates the effectiveness of the Fish-Assisted Therapy (FAT) program in elder residents, and also recommends to implement this program for activity design and care strategy for residents in nursing home as an intervention reference.

並列關鍵字

animal-assisted therapy ； clicker training ； human-fish interaction ； nursing home