名人婚暴案電子報報導之分析：婚暴迷思？防治教育？

Examining News Coverage of Celebrity Domestic Violence-Spreading Myths or Providing Prevention Education?

杜娟娟(Du Jane)

《臺大社會工作學刊》 21期 (2010/06) Pp. 55-113

https://doi.org/10.6171/ntuswr2010.21.02

摘要

本研究運用論述分析法以及新聞基模的概念架構，分析390篇來自四家電子報的名人婚暴報導內容，以檢視是否存在婚暴迷思或具有家庭暴力防治教育的功能。研究發現「人際互動歸因」是媒體報導中的主流論述，將婚姻暴力的主因詮釋為夫妻雙方的溝通互動技巧不良。此論述中蘊含了不少「譴責受害者」的迷思，暗示受害者必須為受暴結果負責，並將防治婚姻暴力的責任聚焦於受害者：建議受害婦女應該慎選結婚對象、避免激怒加害者、勇敢離開受虐關係；相較之下，加害者的責任論述被嚴重忽略，無形中將社會防治家暴的責任移轉到受害者身上。此外，一些陰謀論者質疑受害者企圖利用家暴法與媒體關注，藉此獲取個人利益，這些論點成為反轉當事人處境的機制。儘管如此，名人婚暴的媒體報導仍然具有正向的社會影響，包括：通報率提高、增加社會大眾對婚姻暴力本質的認識、對保護令法律程序的了解，以及社會各界對改善家庭暴力防治系統的持續檢討與行動。最後，研究建議應該把媒體倡導視為家庭暴力防治工作的重要管道，同時強調加害者責任與社會責任之論述，提升社會暴力零容忍的態度以及對家暴防治結構性改革的承諾，使媒體的公共論述成為家庭暴力防治工作的長遠助益。

關鍵字

家庭暴力 ； 社會建構 ； 媒體倡導 ； 新聞報導 ； 防治教育

並列摘要

This research used discourse analysis and concept of ”news scheme” to examine the media's coverage of these stories. After analyzing 390 electronic news reports, we found that ”interpersonal interaction” is the dominant discourse, which states that poor communication skills of husband and wife is the main cause of domestic violence. This discourse underlies the myth of ”blaming the victim” that holds the victim responsible for being abused. Meanwhile, solutions for preventing domestic violence are heavily focused on the victim's self-help action. In comparison, the responsibility of the perpetrator is seriously neglected. Victim-focus discourse may easily transfer the accountability of preventing domestic violence from society to victims. Additionally, some skeptics suspect the victim intends to utilize the law and media attention for personal benefit. Active media advocacy is suggested to enhance the media's educational function in preventing domestic violence. In addition, we suggest that news reports focus more on the perpetrator's responsibility and social responsibility in order to build a zero-tolerance attitude toward violence as well as a commitment to structural reform of domestic violence prevention in the community.

並列關鍵字

domestic violence ； social construction ； media advocacy ； news report ； prevention education

參考文獻

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