網路論壇的自我孤立與沉默螺旋現象－以PTT為例

The Segmentation and "The Spiral of Silence" on Website: A Case Study of the PTT

周佳儀(Chia-Yi Chou)

《傳播與管理研究》 7卷1期 (2007/07) Pp. 113-161

https://doi.org/10.6430/CMR.200707.0113

摘要

網際網路看似提昇了多元討論的可能性，但是實際上網路論壇中的溝通仍僅止於「有共通目標的社群」，他們根據論壇中成文與不成文的規定發表言論，無形中降低了異議者發言的機會。本文共分為兩部份：第一部份以Sunstein碎裂化(segmentation)概念分析電子佈告欄(PTT)中各討論版間的自我孤立現象；第二部份，則探討在單一討論版中是否呈現「沉默螺旋」的現象，藉以呼應第一部份，了解網路使用者對於多元意見討論的看法。
研究發現，網路論壇上的版規賦予版主刪文等能力，妨礙了不同意見對於單一議題的討論與交流，使版友浸身於相同意見的回聲筒中；而討論版的內容與超連結部份，目前尚未呈現極端的現象，也期待版主可以增加異質網站的連結，幫助版友對於相反意見的吸收。在沉默螺旋的部份，研究發現網路使用者的確擁有「準統計官能」，他們能夠指陳出不同討論版間的差異，並且在「害怕孤立」的影響下，選擇在適切的討論版上發言，而這現象正影響了多元意見交流的可能性。

關鍵字

自我孤立 ； 沉默螺旋理論 ； 害怕孤立 ； 匿名性 ； 極化 ； 準統計官能 ； 網路論壇

並列摘要

It seems that the internet increases more discussions from different aspects. However, those discussions are not open to all, only people having similar opinions discuss with each other. They post articles in accordance with the rules or norms of the forum they participante. There are two parts in this study. At first, the study analyzed the articles posted on the selected board to see if there is any interaction among different boards or forums. Then the researcher interviewed 10 board users to identify ”the spiral of silence” on the Internet.
The study found that the rules of the boards empowered the board-host to delete articles violating the rules. This impedes open discussion on the board. On the other hand, the ”content” and ”hyperlink” of the boards did not show polarization at this point. We suggest the board-host to connect more websites with different/contrary opinions.
We also found that internet users recognize the differences among boards, and due to fear of being isolated, they choose to express their opinions in the ”appropriate” board. This diminishes the dialogue between people with different perspectives.

並列關鍵字

anonymity ； fear of isolation ； forum ； polarization ； quasi-statistics organ ； segmentation ； the spiral of silence

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