全真道士丘處機的生命觀與宗教實踐

金末全真道士丘處機（1148-1227）與蒙古成吉思汗（1206- 1228 在位）的會面，促成歷史上著名的「雪山講道」一事。丘處機諫言止殺，拯救了大批遭受蒙古兵火蹂躪的中原百姓；其傳道的內容簡白易讀，顯示出他對生命的看法以及人生追求的目標。本論文根據金、元史料以及明編《正統道藏》中收錄丘處機的傳記、作品和語錄，探討丘處機的生平和著述、其生命觀以及宗教實踐方式。從他的生平事蹟和傳道內容，我們見到一位珍惜人生、積極利用此生修真的道人，以積功累行的方式，實現其功滿道成、昇天為仙的願望。

關鍵字

全真道；丘處機；生命觀；宗教實踐

並列摘要

The meeting between the Quanzhen daoist priest Qiu Chu-Ji (1148-1227) and the Mongol emperor in late Jin dynasty Gengis Khan (1206-1228) became the famous historical event called the ”Sermon on Snow Mountain.” Qiu Chu-Ji remonstrated against the massacre and thus saved the lives of the central plains people threatened by the Mongol army. His sermon was clear and easy to understand, revealing his life conception and life purpose.This article is based on Jin and Yuan dynasties' historical materials and on the Classical Dao Zang (Daoist Canon) of Ming dynasty which comprise the biographies, works and dialogues of Qiu Chu-Ji. It presents the life and works of Qiu Chu-Ji, his conception of life and his way of practicing and learning Daoism. From his life story and his sermon, we can witness the deeds of a man cherishing life and using it to practice Daoism actively, and who realized his wish of achieving immortality and accomplishing Dao through good deeds and virtue.