閩中瑜珈法教官將的來源與特質考論

本文利用這三年來，在福建中部尤溪、大田與永安三縣地區道法壇靖中，所見到的清初以來瑜珈抄本資料，以及現今田野實際儀式調查記錄，考論了其部分官將神祇的來源與複合轉化情形，以及所具顯的內涵特質。除前言與結語外，全文共分三節：第一節，比較其與《海瓊白真人語錄》卷一中官將神祇部分的異同，並探討此區域由一個那吒元帥變為哪吒、咭吒、啒吒三個太子的職能變化情形。第二節，以其官將神譜中的主將蓬頭、副將黃頭、無面目大將與旃檀大將四者為例，考證其與天心正法的傳承關係與職司改變特質。第三節，經由析論來自密教的神霄法大黑天神茍、畢大元帥，酆岳法中地祇十太保，以及六天混元如意法的官將證據，說明今日所見神譜組成如何複合元明以來多種道法的狀況。

關鍵字

福建；道教；密教；瑜珈；法教；官將

並列摘要

The purpose of the thesis is to research the conformation of ＂Officials and Generals＂ from the religion ＂Exorcism of yoga ＂ , including its source and feature, which were from the manuscript since the early Qing Dynasty, by using the rituals of fieldwork records carried out in Youxi, Datian, Yongan three-county Daoism Temple in central Fujian for three years. The thesis is divided into preface, conclusions and the other three parts. For the first part, the researcher compared the similarities and the differences in ＂Officials and Generals＂, by the manuscrip and Haiqiong Bai zhenren yulu,(《海瓊白真人語錄》). Furthermore, we also discussed the transformation of Nazhu's name, which transformed into Nezhu, Jizhu, Guzuh, and how the transformation influenced the change of his occupation in central Fujian. Second, we researched the transformation of the inheritance and occupation by comparing the four ＂Officials and Generals＂ in ＂tianxin zhengfa＂ (天心正法) and ＂Exorcism of yoga ＂ : commanding general(Zhujiang peng tou 主將蓬頭), deputy general(Fujiang huang tou 副將黃頭), and the other two senior general (Wumianmu da jiang 無面目大將), (Zhantan da jiang 旃檀大將).Third, we used the manuscripts which recorded the generals, (Song chuan fa da hei tians henji 神霄法大黑天神茍, Bi dayuanshuai 畢大元帥, Diqi shi taibao 地祇十太保) in different religions (tantric, Feng yue fa 酆岳法, and Liu tian hun yuan ruri fa 六天混元如意法) as an evidence to interpreted the conformation of a pantheon from Yuan Dynasty to nowadays.