Physical Activity Status and Gender Differences in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Chronic Diseases

社區慢性病老人身體活動狀況與性別差異研究

林艷君(Yen-Chun Lin) ； 張媚(Mei Chang Yeh) ； 陳雅美(Ya-Mei Chen) ； 黃璉華(Lian-Hua Huang)

《The Journal of Nursing Research》 18卷2期 (2010/06) Pp. 88-97

摘要

背景　身體活動程度通常會隨著年紀增長而降低。慢性病老人因面臨許多健康問題，較不容易達到身體活動建議量。部份文獻也發現女性老人有較低的身體活動量。因此，發展更多有助於提升這類高危險群身體活動措施的知識，對健康專業人員是十分重要的。
目的　本研究之目的為探討社區慢性病老人之身體活動狀況與其性別差異。
方法　本研究採橫斷式調查法，共有206位社區老人接受訪談並完成以下兩份問卷：(1)基本資料與健康狀況問卷、(2)修正後的社區老人健康活動模式計畫(Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors, CHAMPS)問卷。
結果　結果顯示，有54.4%的個案休閒活動量可達到每週1000大卡耗能的建議量。相較於男性老人，較高比率的女性老人無法達到休閒活動建議量。年齡為女性老人休閒身體活動耗能之顯著預測因子，健康自評則為男性老人休閒身體活動耗能之顯著預測因子。
結論／實務應用　本研究發現，不同性別社區慢性病老人之身體活動狀況與耗能的預測因子皆有所不同，未來健康專業人員在進行社區慢性病老人之身體活動促進計劃時，應考量性別之差異，以提供更適當的措施。

關鍵字

慢性病 ； 社區老人 ； 性別 ； 身體活動

並列摘要

Background: Physical activity trends have a negative correlation between age and level of activity. Older adults with chronic diseases because of a preponderance of health problems often have difficulty achieving recommended physical activity levels. Lower levels of physical activity among older women have also been reported. Therefore, knowledge that could help tailor interventions to motivate groups at risk (such as older women with chronic diseases) is an important area of study.
Purpose: This study was designed to explore physical activity levels and gender-based differences in older adults with chronic diseases in a district in Taipei.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional survey design. A total of 206 community-dwelling elders were recruited and asked to complete two questionnaires during face-to-face interviews. The first questionnaire gathered data on sociodemo-graphics and health status, and the second, a modified Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors, was a physical activities questionnaire and gathered data on participants' physical activity habits.
Results: Results found that 54.4% of participants achieved the recommended energy expenditure level of 1000 kcal/week during leisure-time physical activity. Female participants were found less likely to meet the recommended leisure-time physical activity guidelines than their male counterparts. Age significantly predicted caloric expenditure during leisure-time physical activity for female participants, and self-reported health status significantly predicted caloric expenditure during leisure-time physical activity for male participants.
Conclusions and Implications for Practice: Results demonstrated different physical activity levels in older men and women, with predictive factors of caloric expenditure during leisure-time physical activity also different between genders. Therefore, interventions promoting physical activity should take these differences into account.

並列關鍵字

chronic diseases ； community-dwelling older adults ； gender ； physical activity

參考文獻

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