心所不慊，以文相詬？－〈補江總白猿傳〉之文章指涉及特質考詮

To Insult a Person You Dislike with a Literary Work? Interpreting the Goal and Writing Style of the White Ape Story

黃東陽(Tung-Yang Huang)

《逢甲人文社會學報》 23期 (2011/12) Pp. 29-47

https://doi.org/10.29695/FCJHSS.201112.0002

摘要

本文係以〈補江總白猿傳〉作為研究文本，先以文化為視角詮解文中白猿的意象，進而重新發明此篇的撰文命意及構思進程。就白猿的形塑而言，作者延續了傳統文化視白猿乃兼具德、識的生命個體，且為山中具有神格的精靈，卻在故事中必須讓白猿留下子嗣的要求，以環結與歐陽詢的關係，特意存留下白猿獸性中的食色之慾。白猿於逞慾得子嗣後因此而得罪於天，身死於歐陽紇之手，簡易地將這位知天命又投入道門修煉的精靈，竟被當予抑制的慾望所導引而死的敘事矛盾，簡易地歸於已被決定的天命中。而此形塑出的白猿形象和位格，便映照於歐陽詢貌寢與具功業的兩項特質上，亦依此理路築構全篇情節及發展：白猿被定位成具有神格卻又存有人之大慾的個體，指示著詢乃遺傳了白猿神聖的血統，故能不同於凡眾，卻也因此外形似猿。換言之，乃鑒於歐陽詢「將逢聖主」（使命）及「形似猿猴」（形似）的事實，去補足各樣的敘事，故擇選了白猿，而非獼猴。至於其中或援入《博物志》「猴奪人妻」的原型，然而僅止於概念的採用，並非依此敷衍故事。可知〈白猿傳〉乃「有意為小說」的造作結果，並非舊論所主張是為了誣蔑歐陽詢而撰作，那麼可以得知作者據一己單純的意圖，採用了紀傳的文體而成傳奇，一種純粹文學的小說創作理念，已在唐朝初葉得到了初步的嘗試及實踐。

關鍵字

唐傳奇 ； 〈補江總白猿傳〉 ； 文言小說 ； 唐人小說 ； 歐陽詢

並列摘要

This paper is based on the White Ape Story. It began with the analysis of the image of the White Ape from the cultural point of view, then investigated the method of plot in the story. This study found that the author continued the traditional culture in treating the White Ape as an animal with virtue and intellect. It was also a goblin in the mountain with godhood. But the White Ape still had the beastliness and snatched someone's wife because of the lust. Although they produced offspring, the lust offended the Heaven and incurred death penalty from the Heaven. Although knowing the heavenly mandate, this goblin still made the big mistake and received the death penalty. But the author simply attributed the penalty as the predestination, and did not explain the reason. The narration in the story was intended to reflect two characteristics of Ouyang Xun, the son of the White Ape, namely talent and the appearance of an ape. The White Ape was an animal, with both a life classified as godhood and desire, meaning that Ouyang Xun inherited the holy blood of the White Ape and was different from the common people, yet resulted in having the appearance of an ape. These two points became the basis of the plot for the author in writing the story.

並列關鍵字

Legendary novel of the Tang Dynasty ； "The White Ape Story" ； Classical novel ； Tang novel ； Ouyang Xun

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