急性腎衰竭或黃疸犬隻鉤端螺旋體症之調查

Investigation of Leptospirosis in Dogs with Acute Renal Failure or Icterus

蔡函儒(Han-Ju Tsai) ； 潘銘正(Ming-Jeng Pan) ； 鄭毓興(Yu-Hsing Cheng) ； 周世認(Shih-Jen Chou)

《臺灣獸醫學雜誌》 35卷1期 (2009/03) Pp. 36-42

https://doi.org/10.7009/TVJ.200903.0036

摘要

本研究之主要目的為調查急性腎衰竭或黃疸病例在不同血清羣之鉤端螺旋體抗體力價的分布情形。本研究共收集58例犬隻之血清，進行顯微凝集試驗(MAT)之檢測，並同時對飼主進行問卷調查，收集病例之基本資料及生活型態。血清調查的結果顯示，陽性率為60.3%(35/58)，其中，以血清羣Shermani(13/58)及Icterohaemorrhagiae(13/58)最為常見。有15例經MAT篩選，確診為鉤端螺旋體急性感染病例，其中，大多為未結紮之中年大型公犬。感染犬隻中，10例同時有肝、腎衰竭症狀，2例為腎衰竭，另3例為肝病。感染病原的分布，有7例為血清Shermani之感染病例，4例為Bataviea感染，2例為Australis感染，另2例為Canicola病例。臨床症狀部分，所有犬隻皆有精神抑鬱、厭食及嘔吐症狀。在治療結果部分，接受治療的14例病例中，有7例接受保守輸液治療，僅3例存活；另7例接受血液透析治療，有5例存活。由此顯示，對於嚴重的腎衰竭病例，接受血液透析治療將能有效改善病畜之預後，降低其死亡率。

關鍵字

犬 ； 鉤端螺旋體症 ； 急性腎衰竭 ； 黃疸

並列摘要

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of serum antibodies to different Leptospira serogroups in dogs with clinical signs of actue renal failure or icterus. Sera of fifty eight dogs were collected for antibody measurement with microscopic agglutination test and questionnaires of each dog were requested at the same time. The overall seropositive rate was 60.3% (35/58) and the most frequently present serogroups were Shermani (13/58) and lcterohaemorrhagiae (13/58). Fifteen dogs met the inclusion criteria for acute leptospirosis. Affected dogs were predominantly large-breed intact males. Ten of the infected dogs developed combined acute renal and hepatic disease, two with renal failure, and the rest with hepatic disease. The suspected infecting serogroups included 7 occurrences of Shermani, 4 of Bataviae, 2 of Australis, and 2 of Canicola. Common clinical signs included lethargy, anorexia and vomiting. Forteen dogs were treated conservatively (n=7, only three survived) or with hemodialysis (n=7, with 5 survived). For dogs with severe azotemia, treatment with hemodialysis appeared to improve prognosis.

並列關鍵字

dog ； leptospirosis ； acute renal failure ； icterus