Serological Survey of Equine Piroplasmosis, Equine Granulocytic Anaplasmosis, and Equine Lyme Disease in Taiwan

台灣地區馬焦蟲症、馬邊蟲症和馬萊姆病血清學調查

陳克耀(Kek Yeow Chan) ； 王金和(Ching-Ho Wang) ； 吳應寧(Ying-Ling Wu)

《臺灣獸醫學雜誌》 36卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 261-267

https://doi.org/10.7009/TVJ.201012.0261

摘要

本次血清學調查係針對台灣地區馬焦蟲症、馬邊蟲症和馬萊姆病在人工飼養馬匹之盛行率進行第一次的大規模調查。馬焦蟲症是馬科動物之重要傳染病，由Babesia caballi或Theileria equi二種細胞內寄生蟲感染所致。馬邊蟲症，又稱馬顆粒球性邊蟲症是因Anaplasma phagocytophilum感染所致，而馬萊姆病則是因Borrelia burgdorferi感染所致；此兩種疾病為人畜共通疾病。根據台灣地區各地馬場和飼養馬匹數之分佈，本次調查之馬場約略區分為三大地區，其中包含台北地區、桃竹苗地區和中南部地區。由全台24處馬場總共採集489個馬匹血液樣本，並且利用商業化ELISA和C-ELISA檢驗套組進行馬焦蟲症、馬邊蟲症和馬萊姆病之血液抗體檢測。針對馬焦蟲症所進行之C-ELISA檢測其結果皆為陰性。馬邊蟲症和馬萊姆病之ELISA檢測結果分別為2.05%(10/489)和3.48%(17/489)。我國長期針對進口馬匹進行焦蟲症之監測，在本次血清學調查中亦未發現馬焦蟲症之陽性病例。而馬邊蟲症和萊姆病之抗體檢出率相較下雖低於他國之調查報告，尚須要更深入的調查才能更進一步了解此二種疾病在台灣發生之狀況。

關鍵字

馬 ； 顆粒球性邊蟲症 ； 萊姆病 ； 焦蟲症

並列摘要

A serological survey was carried out to investigate the prevalence rate of equine piroplasmosis (EP), equine granulocytic anaplasmosis (EGA), and equine Lyme disease (LD) in Taiwan. EP is an important infectious disease of equids, caused by the infection of Babesia caballi or Theileria equi. EGA is caused by the infection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and equine LD is caused by the infection of Borrelia burgdorferi; both these diseases are zoonotic. According to the distribution of horse raising facilities and horses kept, the target population for the survey was roughly grouped into three geographical regions, namely, the Northern, TaoZhuMiao, and Central-South region. A total of 489 horse blood samples were collected and evaluated with commercial competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) and ELISA test kits for the detection of antibodies against EP, EGA, and LD in the horse serum. The C-ELISA examination results of EP were negative for all the serum samples. The overall prevalence of EGA was 2.05% (10/489) and 3.48% (17/489) for LD. In conclusion, the serological test for EP has shown no positive case, owing to the routine quarantine and examinations of imported horses. Even though the prevalence of EGA and LD is relatively lower compared with studies from other countries, further investigation will be needed to account for the epidemiological dynamics of A. phagocytophilum and B. burgdorferi infections in animals in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

equine ； granulocytic anaplasmosis ； Lyme disease ； piroplasmosis