Encephalitozoon Cuniculi Infection in a Rabbit

兔之Encephalitozoon Cuniculi感染

鄭凱伊(Kai-Yee Tee) ； 蔡銘洋(Ming-Yang Tsai) ； 龔順榮(Shun-Jung Gong) ； 羅登源(Dan-Yuan Lo) ； 王妙銀(Miao-Yin Wang) ； 邱新育(Hsin-Yu Chiu) ； 王建雄(Jiann-Hsiung Wang) ； 董光中(Kwong-Chung Tung) ； 吳瑞得(Jui-Te Wu)

《臺灣獸醫學雜誌》 38卷1期 (2012/03) Pp. 1-6

https://doi.org/10.7009/TVJ.201203.0001

摘要

兔腦炎微孢子蟲（Encephalitozoon cuniculi; E. cuniculi）可感染包括兔子及人類在內的多種宿主動物。該寄生蟲可造成兔子的腦炎及慢炎腎病，但目前在台灣仍無此疾病之文獻報告。一隻4月齡雄性侏儒兔因沉鬱、無食慾、下痢、運動失調及漸進性神經症狀而就診，該兔對E.cuniculi有血清抗體陽性之病史。糞檢可發現球蟲蟲卵，對其進行積極治療處置，但該兔仍於5天後死亡。剖檢時發現膀胱及小腸黏膜有點狀出血點，腎臟表面有瘢疤凹痕樣外觀。組織病理學檢查，發現有非化膿性肉芽腫性腦膜腦炎、慢性腎炎及出血性腸炎。經由Gram's stain、acid-fast stain及polymerase chain reaction等方法，證實該兔亦受到E.cuniculi之感染。此外，於尿液及肺臟中可分離並鑑定出Klebsiella pneumonia subsp. Pneumoniae之病原。根據特徵性組織病理變化及PCR分子檢查，診斷為兔之Encephalitozoon cuniculi、Klebsiella pneumoniae及Coccidia混合感染。

關鍵字

兔 ； Encephalitozoon cuniculi ； Klebsiella pneumonise subsp. pneumonia ； Coccidia

並列摘要

Encephalitozoon cuniculi (E, cuniculh has been confirmed to infect a wide variety of host species, including rabbits and humans. It has been identified as a cause of encephalitis as well as chronic renal disease in rabbits, but the infections have not been well documented in Taiwan. A 4-month-old male dwarf rabbit with a seropositive history of E. cuniculi was presented with depression, inappetence, diarrhea, ataxia, and progressive neurological signs within a week. Intestinal coccidiosis was diagnosed and aggressive therapy was undertaken; however, no significant improvement was noted and the rabbit died on the fifth day after admission. A postmortem examination found a petechiated hemorrhages on the mucosa of the bladder and small intestines, and the kidneys were pitted and scarred. Histopathological examinations revealed non-suppurative granulomatous meningoencephalitis, chronic nephritis and hemorrhagic enteritis. Acid-fast stain, Gram stain, and polymerase chain reaction in cerebral samples with granulomatous lesion confirmed an infection of E. cuniculi in this case. In addition, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae was isolated and identified from urine and lung tissue samples. The final diagnosis of this rabbit was a co-infection of E. cuniculi Klebsiellla pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniee, and Coccidia. To our knowledge this is the first report confirming E. cuniculi infection of rabbit in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Coccidia ； Encephalitozoon cuniculi ； Klebsiella pneumonise subsp. pneumonia ； Rabbit