宗教思想與社會地位　香港伊斯蘭教婦女的個案研究

Religious Thought and Social Status: A Case Study of Muslim Women in Hong Kong

吳阿環(Ah-Wan Wu)

《女學學誌：婦女與性別研究》 21期 (2006/06) Pp. 213-256

https://doi.org/10.6255/JWGS.2006.21.213

摘要

本研究以香港伊斯蘭教婦女為研究對象，探討宗教思想與社會地位的關係。為求研究的可信度，本文採用多重收集資料的方法，包括參與觀察，除了參加組織內的不同活動，筆者還參與該組織舉辦的課程。另外，筆者以教內不同的年齡、入教年期、投入參與度為標準，選取了十九位成員進行詳細訪談，從而了解研究對象的內在感受，以作為補充。
本研究採用了Joan Acker的性別組織理論作為全文的主要分析架構，透過五方面去證明伊斯蘭教的義理大致上是對婦女公平的，而且會以保護婦女作為出發點。然而，在日常的生活上，這種男女平等的思想不能完全體現出來。透過是次研究，筆者希望能夠豐富性別與宗教思想關係的研究，期望日後學者在分析性別關係時，能加強對女性現實處境的分析。

關鍵字

宗教思想 ； 社會地位 ； 伊斯蘭教 ； 性別組織研究

並列摘要

This paper examines the relationship between religious thought and social status of women in a Hong Kong Muslim community. The focus of the research was to consider the question, whether the assertion of the Islamic doctrine that men and women are equal is reflected in daily lives of Muslim communities.
The research findings indicate that in the examined Muslim community gender roles are largely stereotyped: first, women are mostly seen as caretakers, servants, and food providers; second, all important positions in local organizations are held by men; third, during social activities and religious sessions at the mosque, the Muslim community practices sex segregation; fourth, women in the community are generally submissive and passive, and as such do not compete with the men; fifth, in everyday life, where men are the leaders and women the followers, double standards between men and women are prevalent; and last, Muslim women impose moral restrictions on their own behavior, which ensures they remain submissive, impotent, and silent.
In conclusion, while the Islamic religious teaching calls for men and women to be treated equally, in practice expressions of this equality cannot be found in the local Muslim community.

並列關鍵字

religious thought ； social status ； Islam ； gendered organization theory