環境美學的當代使命

The Contemporary Mission of Environmental Aesthetics

陳望衡(Wang-Heng Chen)

《美學藝術學》 5期 (2010/01) Pp. 1-6

摘要

本文主要談了四個問題：一、環境與資源：自然當其作為人的價值物時，主要有兩種情況：一是作為資源，另是作為環境。過去那種將自然界一味看成資源的觀念應該有所轉變，我們只能適度地開發自然資源，而應高度重視保護好自然環境，因為它是我們人類的家。二、宜居與樂居：家的首要功能是居住。居住可以區分成三個層次：宜居、利居、樂居。宜居，重在生態；利居，重在功利；只有樂居，才重在情感。真正樂居的城市一定是讓人情感上認同的，情感上認同，意味著這座城市很有人情味，溫馨、可人。三、工程與景觀：工程是一柄雙刃劍，一方面，它是環境建設；另一方面，它又是環境的破壞。從環境美學的角度，筆者試提出一個觀點：「化工程為景觀」。功利與審美是美學基本問題之一，它在環境美學中的體現，則是工程與景觀的統一。四、環境保護與環境美學：環境美學也是環境保護學。筆者試提出「審美的環境保護」這一概念。沒有環境美學作指導的環境保護是低層次的保護，而且它完全有可能造成新的環境破壞。環境教育是公民教育的重要組成部分。環境教育中，不只是環境保護的教育，還有環境美學的教育。

關鍵字

環境美學 ； 樂居 ； 景觀 ； 環境保護 ； 環境教育

並列摘要

This paper includes four projects: Ⅰ. Environment and Resource: When nature is treated as an object carrying value, it can be seen from two perspectives, one is to treat nature as resource, and the other is to treat nature as environment. The view that nature was merely resource should be changed. We can only make use of natural resources to a certain degree, and we should pay more attention to the protection of natural environment, because it is our home. Ⅱ. To Live and To Live Happily: The primary function of home is for us to live in. By the term of ”live in,” there are three levels: (1) Suitable habitation, (2) Beneficial habitation, (3) Enjoyable habitation. Suitable habitation emphasizes the ecological aspect of an environment; beneficial habitation emphasizes utility; and only enjoyable habitation emphasizes emotion. The emotional recognition means that the city seems to be emotionally connected to its residents, and it feels pleasant and enjoyable to live in it. Ⅲ. Engineering and Landscape: Engineering is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it contributes to the construction of environment; on the other hand, it destroys environment. For the viewpoint of environmental aesthetics, Ⅰ propose the perspective of ”turning the engineering into landscapes.” The relation between utility and the aesthetic is one of the basic questions in aesthetics. The union between engineering and landscape embodies this question in environmental aesthetics. Ⅳ. Environmental Protection and Environmental Aesthetics: Actually, environmental aesthetics is environmental protectionology. I tentatively propose the concept of ”aesthetic environmental protection.” Protection without the guidance of aesthetics is just the low level environmental protection. Moreover, it might even cause other environmental deconstruction. Environmental education is an important part of civil education. It is not only the education of environmental protection but also the education of environmental aesthetics.

並列關鍵字

Environmental Aesthetic ； Enjoyable Habitation ； Landscape ； Environmental Protection ； Environmental Education