探討跆拳道運動肌力與體能之訓練及檢測－以杜哈亞運跆拳道培訓隊爲例

跆拳道運動在激烈的競技中，狀況瞬息萬變，戰機稍縱即逝，競技者需充分掌聲機先，發揮體能、技能及心理心智的統合競技能力，方可克敵制勝。而肌力是體能的要素之一，體能是總體競技能力的基礎。探討跆拳道運動之肌力與體能訓練，期能積極提昇體能，有效支援比賽技術的施展與戰術的運用及精神力的發揮為研究動機。其研究之目的，旨在增進台灣跆拳道運動員國際競技實力。本文以文獻探討及效法雅典奧運奪金成功的培訓方法，作為實踐2006年杜哈亞運跆拳道培訓隊訓練與檢測的理論基礎。肌力訓練與檢測，以等速肌力機及機械式重量訓練器材，利用負荷的重量、次數、組數及動作方式，作為最大肌力、速度肌力、肌力及肌耐力訓練與檢測的主要方法。體能訓練區分一般體能及專項體能（含賽場體能）訓練。一般體能檢測，以國訓中心制定之8大項基本體能檢測為主；專項體能檢測，主要是透過設計盡可能模擬跆拳道比賽情境，針對運動員生理反應進行偵測與監控，以確實反應出選手在比賽時的生理狀況，進一步地提供教練與選手在訓練課表與內容上的調整依據。因此，賽前有效運用科學的訓練理論、手段與方法，及藉由科技器材檢測所獲得數據的定量分析，與教練經驗觀察評估的定性分析，作為有組織、計畫性的科學化具體訓練執行步驟，及檢測評定之多元立體化訓練控制的依據，期能確保肌力與體能訓練獲得最優化的品質與效能，積極提昇跆拳道運動的總體競技實力。

關鍵字

跆拳道；肌力；體能訓練

並列摘要

The condition was changing fast; the fighter plane was fleeting; the players must fully grasp the initiative in the intense taekwondo competition. The players must fully integrate the athletics ability of physical ability, skill and psychology that can overcome the enemy. The strength was the essential factors of physical ability and the physical ability was the basis of overall athletics ability. Discussing the taekwondo training of strength and physical ability, it can positively promote the physical ability. Therefore, it supported technology to display, tactical to use and spirit to develop effective in competition. It aimed of promoting the Taiwan Taekwondo player's strength in international. This study used literature discussion and imitated the training method of the Athens Olympic Games, which seize the gold medal as the theory of the training and examination of the 15(Superscript th) Asian Games Doha taekwondo training team. The training and examination of strength used the weight of load, the number of times, the group number and the movement way as training and examination main method of maximal strength power strength and strength endurance by the constant speed Biodex and the mechanical type weight training device. The physical ability training was separated in general physical ability and the special physical ability (contain athletic field physical ability). The general physical ability examination was 8 kinds of the main basic physical ability examination by national training center. The special physical ability examination was through the design to simulate the Taekwondo competition situation as far as possible. Moreover, in view of the player physiological reaction proceeded with detection and control to respond player physiological condition when the competition. It further provided basis of adjustment to the coach and the player in the training schedule and the content. We applied science-training theory, device and method effectively before the competition, according to the technical equipment obtained the data of the quantitative analysis, the qualitative analysis by the coach observed with experience as the concrete training step of scientific by organized and projected and the basis of evaluation multithree-dimensional training control. It ensured the training of strength and physical ability obtaining the best quality and potency. The overall taekwondo strength enhanced positively.