運動禁藥僞麻黃鹼之新規定

The New Regulations for Pseudoephedrine in Doping Control

徐欣億(Hsin-Yi Hsu) ； 許美智(Mei-Chich Hsu)

《輔仁大學體育學刊》 10期 (2011/05) Pp. 382-391

https://doi.org/10.29697/JPE.201105.0026

摘要

2011年世界反運動禁藥組織(World Anti-Doping Agency, WADA)公佈的運動禁藥管制清單中，將屬於興奮劑類的偽麻黃鹼列為監測物質，規定尿液檢體中的濃度不得超過150μg/mL。偽麻黃鹼屬於麻黃生物鹼類，是仿交感神經胺類藥物，2003年以前一直被列為運動禁用藥物中的興奮劑類藥物，2004至2009年間偽麻黃鹼曾經被短暫地移出禁藥清單，但從監測計畫及相關研究文獻中發現，運動員檢體中的偽麻黃鹼濃度有大幅增加的趨勢，顯示偽麻黃鹼可能有被濫用的現象。因此世界反運動禁藥組織自2010年起，重新將偽麻黃鹼列入賽內禁藥清單中。本文除了介紹偽麻黃鹼之藥理作用與其對運動表現的影響外，同時亦透過文獻整理討論WADA歷年對偽麻黃鹼的規定及原因，最後，將詳述WADA針對偽麻黃鹼所做的使用建議，期能防範運動員因誤服偽麻黃鹼而遭到禁賽處分。

關鍵字

興奮劑 ； 世界反運動禁藥組織 ； 禁藥清單

並列摘要

The latest Prohibited List published by World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) reintroduced pseudoephedrine as a specified stimulant prohibited In-competition at a urinary threshold of l50μg/mL. Pseudoephedrine is a sympathomimetic amine with a structure similar to ephedrine alkaloids. Until the end of 2003, pseudoephedrine had been a banned substance in sport, and then WADA removed pseudoephedrine from the prohibited list from 2004 to 2009. As a result, in monitoring program data showed that the misuse of pseudoephedrine was rather limited as long as the substance was prohibited and that lifting the ban resulted in a much more frequent use aiming for performance enhancement. After 6 years monitoring, pseudoephedrine had been reintroduced to the prohibited list in 2010. In this paper, we introduced the pharmacology of pseudoephedrine and its effects on sport performance enhancement. Besides, the history of different regulations for pseudoephedrine made by WADA over years were illustrated as well. Finally, we explained the WADA's recommendation for pseudoephedrine to prevent the doping control violations from all athletes.

並列關鍵字

stimulant ； World Anti-Doping Agency ； prohibited list

參考文獻

許美智、詹貴惠(2005)。運動藥物學。高雄:春橋田。

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