Francis Hutcheson agreed the co-existence of self-love and benevolence in human nature. In the post-Mandevillean age, however, he emphasized virtuous qualities, not moneyed interests, in economics, labour and industry. As a precursor of political economy, Hutcheson was however more concerned with the world of morality than that of nature and progress. Adam Smith's moral philosophy is a re-disposition of Hutchesonian thesis of virtue. By individualizing benevolence Smith was able to theorise for economy mechanism and to consider economy in the line of idea of progress.