本文以政治理論的角度出發,分析台灣民主化過程之中,國民主權以及憲政主義的緊張關係。在理論層次,以德國公法學者史密特以及美國憲法學者麥可曼的理論為本,探討台灣政治論述中兩種思想取向所各自面臨的問題,並對台灣未來的新憲運動以及政治認同等議題提出歷史與理論之分析。本文主張一個全新的「國族民主體制」業已在台灣形成論述霸權,追求一種同質性的國族做為公民權利行使的規範性基礎。但另一方面,大選的結果以及選後的爭議與政治抗爭,則顯示台灣社會正處於一種「分裂國族」的兩元狀態。國族民主繼續建構同一性國民觀念以及台灣現存二元對立的國族狀態,將成為下一階段政治板塊變動以及公共論述發展的兩股深層對抗力量。
This paper explores the tension between national sovereignty and constitutionalism in the process of Taiwan's democratization. Based on Carl Schmitt's and Frank Michelman's theories of constitutional change, I argue that hegemony of ”national democracy” has emerged in Taiwan in the post-KMT regime. Historical analyses of political discourses and theoretical discussions are provided to substantiate this argument. I further contend that this type of regime endeavors to construct an imagination of homogeneous citizenship on the base of nation, which does not correspond to the socio-political cleavages in Taiwan. These two conflicting tendencies constitute underlying forces that will over-determine the course of political development in Taiwan.