漢越語副詞「還」句法對比研究

Chinese And Vietnamese Adverb ＂Hai＂ Syntactic Comparative Study

阮氏美香(Nguyen Thi My Huong)

《人文與社會學報》 3卷3期 (2014/05) Pp. 1-29

摘要

本文主要探討漢語和越語常用的副詞「還」。筆者將副詞「還」分為：程度副詞、時間副詞、範圍與數量副詞及語氣副詞四大類，其中 時間副詞「還」的語義為持續，表示動作或行為再此發生之意思，而範圍與數量副詞表示數量多少或範圍擴大常與「也」搭配使用補充說明。其次，程度副詞分為程度深淺，相對程度深的副詞常與「比」字句搭配使用表示更加的意思，且「還」表示預料之外反預期的語用功能。此外，想對程度淺的副詞「還」的語義常與表示稍微、還可以、尚且、勉強過得去的意思。最後，語氣副詞表示自我的意識。從而揭示兩種語言副詞「還」的句法、語義、語用功能的一般規律及全面性的了解，並希望降低學習者學漢越語的難點且提高學習外語的效果。

關鍵字

漢越語 ； 副詞 ； 還 ； 語法 ； 分類

並列摘要

This paper mainly discusses the commonly used Chinese and Vietnamese adverb ＂Hai.＂ I will divide the adverb ＂Hai＂ into four categories: degree adverb, adverb of time, scope and number of adverb and modal adverb, in which the time adverb ＂Hai＂'s semantic as continuous, that means action or behavior occurring again ,and the scope and number adverb indicates the number or scope expanded to commonly match ＂also＂ for supplementary instruction. Secondly, the adverb of degree is divided into the extent of depth and shallowness, relatively the deep level of adverb is often matched with the word ＂Than＂ that expresses more meaning, besides ＂Hai＂ means unexpected anti-pragmatic function. In addition, relatively the extent of shallow adverb ＂Hai＂'s semantic commonly means little, you can also, yet, barely passable. Finally, modal adverb indicates self consciousness. Thus revealing two languages adverb ＂Hai＂'s syntactic, semantic, pragmatic function of general laws and comprehensive understanding, hoping to reduce the Chinese and Vietnamese language learners' learning difficulties and improve the effect of learning a foreign language

並列關鍵字

Chinese and Vietnamese Language ； Adverb ； Hai ； Grammar ； Classification

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