俄羅斯北極戰略與東北亞之北極合作

Russia's Arctic Strategy and Arctic Cooperation in Northeast Asia

徐博(Bo Xu)

《全球政治評論》 特集001 (2015/03) Pp. 59-71

摘要

北極正在成為東北亞國家進行區域合作的新舞臺。俄羅斯是北極地區最大的國家。近年來，俄羅斯不斷強化其在北極地區的政治、經濟、軍事戰略，力圖掌握北極地區開發事務的主導權。而中日韓三國則不斷介入北極地區事務。本文分析了當前俄羅斯北極戰略的基本構想，以及東北亞國家參與北極地區治理的歷史進程及當前利益關切所在。並就俄羅斯與東北亞國家在能源開發、北極航道利用，科研環保等領域的合作現狀及未來進行了分析。在烏克蘭危機爆發、俄羅斯與西方關係不斷惡化的大背景下，俄羅斯正在將合作的目標轉向東方。這也將為東北亞國家參與北極治理提供難得的機遇。

關鍵字

俄羅斯 ； 北極 ； 東北亞 ； 中國 ； 日本 ； 韓國

並列摘要

The Arctic is becoming the new stage for regional cooperation among Northeast Asian countries. Russia is the largest country in the Arctic region. In recent years, Russia has continued to strengthen its political, economic and military strategy in the Arctic region in an attempt to acquire leadership in developmental affairs. Meanwhile, China, Japan and Korea continue to intervene in Arctic affairs. This article analyzes Russia's current strategic thinking towards the Arctic, the history of Northeast Asia's participation in governance relating to the Arctic and the current concerns of the powers in the region. On such foundation, this article further analyzes the current state and potential for cooperation between Russia and other Northeast Asian countries in fields such as energy development, scientific research and the use of Arctic passageways. In the context of the Ukrainian crisis and continued deterioration in East-West relations, Moscow has turned east in search of cooperation. Such a turn provides a rare opportunity for Northeast Asian countries to participate in Arctic governance.

並列關鍵字

Russia ； Arctic ； Northeast Asia ； China ； Japan ； Korea