“民主和平論”之分析與美國“推廣民主”戰略

An Analysis of the "Democratic Peace Theory" and the U.S. "Enlargement" Strategy

朱雪瑛(Hsueh-Ying Chu)

《臺灣民主季刊》 2卷1期 (2005/03) Pp. 123-158

https://doi.org/10.6448/TDQ.200503.0123

摘要

康德在1795年提出，共和（自由民主）憲政體制國家傾向愛好和平，故國家應建立共和體制，並在國際上互相聯盟、擴大、以帶來國際和平。但是歷史的發展卻無法證實，共和（自由民主）國家確實愛好和平。1970、1980年代的「民主和平論」以統計學研究方法，提出實證研究結果：「和平確實存在於民主國家之間，但可能不會溢出擴及非民主國」，並發展出「區隔性和平」等理論架構，引來新現實主義的批判，雙方發生論爭。有關「民主」與「和平」之間的關聯性，各學派或各有不同的看法，但是以「民主」立國的世界超强美國深信，這世界上民主國家越多，安全的保障就越大，並已在國際上大力推廣民主數十年。

關鍵字

民主和平 ； 區隔性和平 ； 由內而外途徑

並列摘要

Immanuel Kant advocated in 1795 that republican constitutional countries are peace-loving. Thus, it is beneficial for countries to adopt republican constitutions, to ally with one another on an international level and expand in order to secure international peace. However, history has not proven that republican countries are peace-loving all the time. Employing social research techniques during the seventies and the eighties, proponents of Democratic Peace Theory of the 1970s emerged with the discovery that peace exists only among democratic countries, but could not be extended to non-democratic countries. Democratic Peace Theory soon developed ”separate peace” and other arguments, which incurred criticism from neo-realists. There may be different arguments about relations between ”democracy” and ”peace”, but America has, as a world superpower, promoted democracy in the international community for decades.

並列關鍵字

democratic peace ； separate peace ； and inside-out approach

參考文獻

Babst, Dean V.(1972).A Force for Peace.Industrial Research.14(1),55-58.

Bremer, Stuart A.(1992).Dangerous Dyads: Conditions Affecting the likelihood of Interstate War, 1816-1965.Journal of Conflict Resolution.36(2),309-341.

Bull, H.(1981).Hobbes and the International Anarchy.Social Research.48(4),717-738.

Burchill, Scott,Andrew Linklate (eds.)(1996).Theories of International Relations.New York:St. Martin`s Press.

Cavallar, Georg(2001).Kantian Perspectives on Democratic Peace: Alternatives to Doyle.Review of International Studies.27(2),229-248.