華語者的日語聽力考察之一－談漢字音與話題的熟知度

An Investigation of Japanese Listening Comprehension Ability of Chinese Speakers-An Analysis of Kanji Phonetic and Topic Familiarity

陳麗貞(Li-Jen Chen)

《台灣日本語文學報》 19期 (2004/12) Pp. 317-338

摘要

華語者學習日語時，因與日本人同是漢宇使用者，故較容易學會，這是眾所周知的。然華語者在日語漢字的讀解方面，可想而知的確較佔優勢；但是聽解時因為漢字讀音不同，則未必有利。其中和中文發音相似的「漢語」以及和中文發音不相似的「和語」，此二者在華語者的日語聽解過程中，應該會産生不一樣的彰響力。再者，也一併觀察了話題之熟知度與聽力之相關性。本論文証實以下兩點。（1）華語者因通曉漢字音，故日語聽解過程中，能活用第一語言知識，而易推測和中文發音類似的語彙。（2）參與實驗者都是在高熟知度話題之廳力表現佳，而低熱知度話題下不易聽懂内容。透過此論文更進一步明白，話題的熟知度要比語彙知識在聽力上扮演更重要的角色。

關鍵字

華語者 ； 日語聽力 ； 漢字音 ； 話題 ； 熟知度

並列摘要

When Chinese speakers learn Japanese, due to Chinese character (known as kanji in Japanese language), are the same in appearance, it's more easily for them to learn Japanese. It is undisputable. In reading comprehension of Japanese language, they have advantage over non-Chinese speakers. When the same kanji word has different pronunciation in Japanese language. Chinese speakers do not have the edge in listening comprehension Kango has the similar pronunciation to its Chinese character and Wago is different. Both should have some degree of influences on listening comprehension process of Chinese 1isteners. Moreover, the thesis also takes a look at the corre1ations between topic familiarity and listening comprehension. It also verifies the following two points: (1) Chinese speakers with better knowledge of kanji words can use their native language more fluently and also easily guess the meaning of vocabulary. (2)The subjects have better performance on familiar topics and have little idea of contents about unfamiliar ones. We can even know very clearly, through this thesis, the topic familiarity plays more important role on listening comprehension of Japanese language than vocabulary knowledge.

並列關鍵字

Chinese Speakers ； Japanese Listening comprehension Kanji phonetic ； topic ； familiarity

參考文獻

Bernhardt, E. B.,James. C. J.,D. W. Birkbichler(Ed.)(1897).Foreign Languages: Proficiency, Policy and Professionalism.Lincolnwood,IL:National Textbook.

Chiang ,C. S.,Dunkel, P.(1992).The Effect of Speech Modification, Prior Knowledge , and Listening Proficiency on EFL Lecture Learning.TESOL Quarterly.26(2),345-374.

Long, D .R.(1990).What You Don't Know Can't Help You: An Exploratory Study of Background Knowledge and Second Language Listening Comprehension.Studies in Second Language Acquisition.12,65-80.

Meyer, B. J. F.,B. K. Britton(Eds.),J. Black(Eds.)(1985).Understanding Expository Text: A Theoretical and Practical Handbook for Analyzing Explanatory Text.Hillsdale ,NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum.

O''Malley, J. M,Chamot, A. U.,Kupper, L.(1989).Listening comprehension Strategies in Second Language Acquisition.Applied Linguistics.10(4),418-437.