諮商歷程中諮商員口語反應型式及其當事人反應行為之分析研究：一個本土化歸類系統的初探研究

An Analytical Study of Counselor Verbal Response Modes and Client Responses in the Counseling Process: A Preliminary Study of a Localized Classification

連廷嘉(Ting-Chia Lian) ； 徐西森(Shi-Sen Shyu)

《中華輔導學報》 15期 (2004/03) Pp. 1-38

https://doi.org/10.7082/CARGC.200403.0001

摘要

本研究旨在探討諮商歷程中諮商員與當事人彼此之間口語互動行為的關係。研究者分析諮商員面對當事人和處理其困擾時，諮商員口語反應型式的可能變化情形，以及了解當事人對諮商處理的反應行為，同時探討二者之間的相關變化，並建構出本土化諮商歷程口語互動型式的歸類、編碼系統及其運作實務。本研究以Mahrer(1996)所提出的發現式取向諮商研究法進行質的分析，共分析六位諮商員及其六位當事人的諮商歷程資料。其研究結果如下：
1. 諮商員口語反應型式呈現：問候、期待、設限、祝福、支持、傾聽、鼓勵、立即性、發問、聚焦、澄清、摘要、同理、增強、導洩、自我表露、引導、面質、解釋、重新框架、建議、教導、家庭作業、提供資訊等二十四類。
2. 不同的諮商歷程，諮商員的口語反應型式也有不同變化。
3. 諮商員的口語反應型式因其性別、年資及當事人反應等因素的不同而有變化。
4. 當事人在諮商歷程中的口語反應型式約可分類為八大類；當事人口語反應型式均受到諮商員口語反應型式的影響。
5. 本研究其他發現有：諮商員最常使用的口語反應型式、諮商員和當事人之口語互動反應相互聯結。
針對上述研究結果，本研究提出相關的專業意見及研究建議，以供諮商輔導人員及有關單位參考。

關鍵字

諮商員口語反應型式 ； 當事人行為反應 ； 發現式取向諮商研究法

並列摘要

This study aims to explore the verbal interaction between counselors and clients. The researchers analyzed the possible changes in the response modes when the counselors were facing the clients and approaching their problems. Clients’ different response modes were also studied. A classification and coding system along with its practice were constructed for a localized counseling process. The research is a qualitative study based on the discovery – oriented psychotherapy research by Mahrer. The data analyzed were gathered from six counselors together with six clients. The results are as follows:
1.Counselors may have the verbal response modes of: greeting, expecting, setting the limits and wishing, support, listening, encouragement, immediateness, question, focusing, clarification, summarizing, empathy, reinforcement, catharsis, self-disclosure, guidance, confrontation, explanation, reframing, suggestion, instruction, homework and providing information.
2.Different counseling stages result in different oral responses of the counselors.
3.In the counseling process, counselors’ verbal responses are influenced by factors such as gender, years of service and client response.
4.In the process, clients’ verbal response modes are influenced by the verbal response of counselors.
5.Other related findings include: The most frequently used response mode of counselors is ‘support’, In the counselor and client verbal response is connection.
Based on the above findings, the research offers related ideas and research suggestions for the reference of people working in the field of counseling guidance and counseling process.

並列關鍵字

counselor erbal response mode ； client behavioral response ； discovery-oriented psychotherapy research

參考文獻

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