大學生死亡焦慮的內涵建構與現況調查之研究

有鑑於國內目前尚缺乏建構自本土化觀點的死亡焦慮量表，本研究主要目的在於以國內大學生為對象，透過實地訪談的方式，建構其死亡焦慮的內涵，藉以發展出適用於我國大學生的死亡焦慮量表，並以此為工具調查我國大學生死亡焦慮的現況。透過對大學生進行的實地訪談，研究者歸納出大學生死亡焦慮內涵的六大層面，並據此發展為「大學生死亡焦慮量表」。本研究抽取511位大學生進行調查，結果顯示國內大學生的死亡焦慮在整體表現上為中等程度（M=3.16，Likert式五點量表）。但在「關係喪失」及「無助與疼痛」二項分量表的得分偏高；另外，本研究亦發現國內大學生的死亡焦慮具有性別差異，女性較男性有更高程度的死亡焦慮之趨勢；研究者對於上述結果進行討論後，提出後續研究的具體建議。

關鍵字

大學生；死亡焦慮；量表

並列摘要

Due to the lack of a death anxiety scale that is constructed from the localized viewpoint, this study was designed to explore the contents of death anxiety by interviewing ten undergraduate students. Based on the interview data, the death anxiety scale was developed, and subsequently used to survey the death anxiety of undergraduate students in Taiwan. Six dimensions of death anxiety of undergraduate student were identified and used to generate items of the 'Death Anxiety Scale for undergraduate students'. A sample of 511 college students was recruited. The results showed that the death anxiety of undergraduate students in Taiwan was intermediate (M=3.16, five-point Likert response format). However, participants gave higher ratings to the dimensions of ＂loss of relationship＂ and ＂helplessness and suffering＂. Gender difference was also found with female participants expressing higher death anxiety than their male counterparts. Based on the findings, practical implications and directions for future research were highlighted.