澳洲各州公益揭發保護立法比較分析

A Comparative Analysis of Australian State-level Public Interest Disclosure Legislations

楊戊龍(Wu-Lung Yang) ； 程挽華(Wan-Hua Chen)

《行政暨政策學報》 55期 (2012/12) Pp. 31-65

https://doi.org/10.29865/PAP.201212.0002

摘要

本文探討澳洲州級政府公益揭發/揭弊立法內涵，各州的立法名稱、概念界定、規範密度、實踐作法有其共通的原則亦有差異之處，在制度參照上提供多元觀點。公益揭發/揭弊保護在澳洲取得正當性而成為公共政策議題，在於政府誠實的回應公務員貪污醜聞調查中所曝露出揭發者受報復的困境，1989年「費茲傑拉報告」是最重要的催生因素。鼓勵及促進公益揭發、讓揭發情事受到調查與矯正、保護揭發者是立法的核心目標，但每個立法均有缺失，無最佳的實務模式。本文並從「適當的人員將公益資訊，向適當的組織為適當的揭發，則受到保護」之方向，對我國未來立法提出一些看法。

關鍵字

澳洲 ； 公益揭發 ； 揭弊者保護

並列摘要

This paper discusses Australian state-level public interest disclosure legislations and the extent to which legislative measures have been effective in protecting whistleblowers from workplace retaliation. It explores the identical and the different among legislations, which provide us multiple perspectives for reference in our future enacting a law. Whistleblower protection legislation becoming policy agenda and gaining advocates and acceptance derived from the Fitzgerald Report 1989, which indicated the needs to protect government employees who disclose wrongdoings relevant to public sector. To facilitate and encourage public interest disclosures, to ensure that disclosures are properly dealt with, and to ensure the protection of whistleblowers from reprisals are the core objects of those legislations. However, each existing law has its own weakness. There is no best practice model. The paper suggests our government to review the necessary to enact a similar law, and provides some initial opinions in legislation following the line that ”An appropriate disclosure of public interest information made by the proper person to a appropriate authority receives formal protection”.

並列關鍵字

Australia ； Public Interest Disclosure ； Whistleblower Protection

參考文獻

楊戊龍(2006)。美國聯邦政府保護揭弊公務員之制度與發展。政治科學論叢。29，83-122。

朱楠，2011，〈我們需要更多揭弊者〉，中國時報，7月21日，第A20版。

李淑華，2012，〈肅貪揭弊 擬訂吹哨者保護法〉，中央社：http://tw.news.yahoo.com/肅貪揭弊-擬訂吹哨者保護法-130009273.html，檢索日期：2012 年7 月11日。

陳宏達，2008，〈跳脫框架 徹底肅貪〉，中國時報，9 月11日，第 A10版。

蕭白雪，2012，〈保護檢舉人-檢察總長呼籲修訂定吹哨者保護法〉，聯合報，5 月 16日，第 A10版。