味覺詞「甜」之語意中日對比分析－日語教學應用

有些詞彙跨文化時其語意往往不同。例如，「甜」這一詞中日文都有「糖的味道」之意，但日語還有「味道很淡」「不嚴格」等延伸義。這些不同語言之間的異同常帶給學習日語的學生許多困擾，容易造成一些病句。因此語言教師教學生詞彙時，不能光教詞彙的基本語意，還要教詞彙的延伸義。本報告的目的在於透過華語和日語的對比分析，探討味覺詞「甜」之語意。首先透過文獻探討整理出「甜」的基本語意和延伸義，再利用語料庫分析和其他詞的搭配關係，最後提出教學建議。

關鍵字

語意研究；中日對比分析；甜；甘い

並列摘要

Some words have different meaning in other languages. For example, an adj. ”amai/tian” means ”sweet, the taste of sugar” in both Mandarin and Japanese, but there are some other semantic meaning like ”a thin taste” and ”a not strict way” in Japanese. These differences sometimes makes student confuse. Language teachers have to pay more attention not also words' basic meaning, but also its donotation. In this paper, we will organize the meaning of ”amai/tian” between Mandarin and Japanese. And we will come up with its' teaching ways at last.