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全球化的沒落?由陸權式的經濟思考談起-以一帶一路下的中國大陸思維為例

Does globalization decline? The Discussion on Economic Thinking of Land Power - The Case Study of China's thinking under One Belt One Road

摘要


全球化所帶來的市場開放,對於世界各國而言,產生了極大的衝擊,無論是經貿組織的蓬勃發展,或是FTA下的多邊協議簽署,著實造成了經濟結構的重組。然而在歷經數次金融風暴後,各國開始反思全球化是否真能帶來所預期的「平等」?又或者是西方國家為了一己之利而強行開放未開發國家之市場?在川普上台所強調的「美國優先」以及退出TPP,都意味著一方霸權的美國對於全球化之思考,轉向至貿易保護對於國內所產生的實質利益。東方的中國大陸在習近平就任後,提出的一帶一路倡議,卻又與西方海權國家的殖民式經濟有所不同。本文以此為基礎,探討一帶一路倡議下,所代表的陸權經濟模式,在中國崛起後,是否會取代原先海權式思考下的全球化經貿模式。而模式的轉變亦然與社會的變遷有所關連,故首先以文獻回顧及歷史回顧之方式,論其發展的必然性,再以比較法作為分析陸權、海權經貿之差異及優劣。最後則回歸本文主旨,從一帶一路倡議下的中國大陸思維作為論述之根本,藉此提供未來經貿政策及思維架構之些許建議。

並列摘要


Free market under globalization brings great impact to the world. Both international economic and trade organization and multilateral agreements signed under FTA are flourish, which reconstructs economic structure. However, after going through many financial crises, people start to think if globalization can truly promote expected equality? Do western countries force developing countries to open market for their own interests? After President Trump took the office, he proclaimed "American First" and dropped out The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). This implies the U.S. turns their back from globalization to protectionism. On the other side, after China's President Xi Jin-Ping came to office, he initiated One Belt One Road (OBOR), a different concept from colonial economy of western sea power. Based on the different economic thinking from China and western countries, the study discusses the economic pattern of land power under OBOR. After the rise of great power, China, will thinking of land power replace sea power on global trade pattern? As the change of global trade pattern is accompanied with social changes, the study reviews literatures and history to discuss the inevitable development. The strengths and weaknesses from trade patterns with the thinking of sea power and land power are analyzed by comparative method. Lastly, the author provides some advices based on the discussion of China's economic thinking of land power under OBOR.

參考文獻


BBC 中文網(2017,5 月 14 日)。一帶一路高峰會:習近平發表開幕演說盤點會議五大看點。BBC 中文網,2017 年 5 月 14 日,取自http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/business-39912231
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江德曼(2014)。論殖民體制對後殖民國家發展之影響—台灣與布吉納法索之比較研究。人文社會科學研究,8(3),112-114。

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