探討台灣地區移動污染源與空氣品質之環境顧志耐曲線

An Environmental Kuznets Curve Study of the Relationship between Mobile Source Pollution and Air Quality in Taiwan

王淑美(Shu-Mei Wang) ； 胡均立(Jin-Li Hu) ； 謝承憲(Cheng-Hsien Hsieh)

《農業與資源經濟》 7卷1期 (2010/06) Pp. 55-72

https://doi.org/10.29796/ARE.201006.0003

摘要

本文以SOx、NOx及CO三種空氣污染物質排放量爲環境品質依變數，另以縣市平均家戶年收入爲所得指標，並增加公共支出變數、運具數量、人口數量及固定污染源等變數爲自變數，探討2001-2008年間台灣地區移動污染源與空氣品質間的關係。結果顯示以前述三項空氣污染物質做爲衡量標準的空氣品質確實呈現環境顧志耐曲線現象。機動車輛所造成之移動污染源與本文之三類空污排放量有顯著關聯，機車係SOx之主要移動污染源，客車爲NOx之主要移動污染源。值得注意的是，由於地方政府支出偏重基礎建設之興建，非但無助空污改善，反助長碳排放量之增加。

關鍵字

交通 ； 環境顧志耐曲線 ； 排放

並列摘要

This study uses data for the period 2001-2008 compiled by Taiwan's Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) to examine the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) relationship between mobile source pollution and air quality in Taiwan. The study employs a regression model which uses the emission volume for three air pollutants-SO(subscript x), NO(subscript x) and CO-as the environmental quality dependent variable, with average annual household income in individual counties and cities as the income indicator, and with independent variables that include a public expenditure variable, the number of vehicles in use, population, and fixed source pollution. The results show that air quality in Taiwan displays the EKC phenomenon, with a significant positive correlation between mobile source pollution (mostly deriving from motor vehicles) and the emission volume for the three types of air pollutants. The data provides further that motorcycles and mopeds are the main mobile source of SO(subscript x) pollution, while cars remain the major mobile source of NO(subscript x) pollution. One point worth noting is that the heavy emphasis on infrastructure projects in local government expenditure has not only failed to help improve the air pollution situation, it has actually led to an increase in carbon emissions.

並列關鍵字

Transportation ； Environmental Kuznets Curve ； Emission