特殊學校實施跨專業團隊服務成效之個案研究：以一個重度多重障礙學生為例

The Effectiveness of Implementing Transdisciplinary Teamwork Approach in a Special School: A Case Study of a Student with Severe & Multiple Disability

呂一慈(Yi-Tze Lu)

《身心障礙研究季刊》 4卷2期 (2006/06) Pp. 83-96

https://doi.org/10.30072/JDR.200606.0002

摘要

我國在民國八十八年由教育部頒佈「身心障礙教育專業團隊設置與實施辦法」，奠定了專業團隊服務的法定地位。專業團隊服務模式有多專業、專業間與跨專業三種模式，特殊學校服務模式一直採用專業間模式。專業間模式是治療師直接服務學生，服務的學生人數有限，而跨專業團隊服務模式是治療師提供間接、諮詢的服務模式。在特殊學校的專業治療師人力有限，而學生卻有大量需求的情況下，專業團隊服務模式勢必要改採間接服務的模式，才符合經濟效益。本研究目的為了解特殊學校在實施跨專業團隊服務時所遭遇的困難，以及其最後執行的成果。本研究採質性研究法，於九十三年九月正式進入現場研究，至九十四年六月三十日才退出研究現場並撰寫報告。以特殊學校的專業團隊成員及一名8歲重度多重障礙學生為研究對象，透過錄影、觀察、訪談及文件蒐集等方式蒐集資料。研究者發現(1)在學生生態環境需求評估中，學生居家環境部分無法實施，導致只能以學校環境為課程規劃重點；(2)醫師們和專業團隊成員的認知及專業訓練的不同，又部份成員不了解跨專業團隊服務模式，導致對學生問題處理有不同的建議；(3)行政支援的問題包含團隊成員間很難有時間討論，此外，人力資源調度也遭遇困難，(4)雖然在實施跨專業團隊服務過程中，遭遇了一些困難，但是團隊成員還是逐一溝通、克服。最後對該模式實施成效的評估，所有團隊成員都肯定學生的進步，肯定跨專業服務模式的實施成果。

關鍵字

特殊學校 ； 跨專業團隊服務 ； 重度多重障礙

並列摘要

With the pass of the law of establishing and implementing disciplinary teams for educating individuals with disabilities in 1999 in Taiwan, the cooperative styles and implementing procedures were clearly defined. There are three models of team cooperative services: multidisciplinary, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary. The special school has been always implementing the interdisciplinary model. The purpose of this research was intended to understand the difficulties and to analyze the effectiveness of implementing transdisciplinary teamwork in a special school. The research was conducted by a qualitative method. One student with severe & multiple disabilities and the disciplinary team workers of the special school were included in this study. This study used the methods of observation, interviews, videotaping, and documentation to analyze the information. The results showed that: (1) based on the ecological inventory, the home-room teacher focused solely on the school environment to set up the goals and objectives, (2) perspectives among the team members' were not consistent, due to the different professional training and philosophy; and administrators were not familiar with transdisciplinary teamwork approach, (3) administrative challenges included timing limitation, the appropriate arrangement for the logistical support, finally, (4) according to the effectiveness of implementing transdisciplinary teamwork, all members agreed that the intervention of transdisciplinary teamwork had a lot of contribution for the student's improvement in his performance.

並列關鍵字

Special school ； severe & multiple disabilities ； transdisciplinary

參考文獻

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