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居家中老年智障者的照顧問題:性別、居住安排與相關論述

Home Living Adults with Intellectual Disabilities: Gender, Care Arrangement, and Discourse of Care in Taiwan

摘要


本文分為兩個主要部分,第一部份呈現作者實際收集的居家中老年智障者資料為主,第二部分為論述目前我國研究智障者老化與居住地點研究之觀點與限制,同時就收集到的資料,做討論與分析。第一部份的實證資料部分,研究資料採取抽樣調查方法,以政府註冊登記之智障人口為母體,以2002年資料中,三十五歲以上居住在家中的中老年智障者為母體做抽樣調查,分析與討論照顧與居住安排問題。調查資料顯示,女性中老年智障者的教育、所得都低於男智障者,且女性智障者的婚配比例高於男性,居住地點與照顧者大多以配偶、子女為主。男性智障者婚配機率低於女性,由原生家庭持續提供照顧,且由家族下一代負責扶養與照顧的比例較女性中老年智障者高。與西方國家的歷史發展軌跡不同的地方,我國的智障者居住地點以社區與家中為主,未來考慮智障者老化趨勢,在社區與家中老化的智障者人數勢必更多。但是,在欠缺相關政策與服務的現狀下,中老年智障者的老年照顧將更為艱辛。論文第二部份是有關居住政策的論述,由關懷倫理討論照顧的相關議題。論文的主要論點認為無論是由實證資料或理論層次,成年智障者的居住問題需要放在我國的社會背景與脈絡中找尋政策的各種選擇,而非單一的引進西方的居住模式而已。

並列摘要


This paper focuses on care and related arrangements for home living adults with intellectual disabilities of Taiwan. This paper has two major theme, one is to analyze a national based sampling survey conducted by author back to 2003, of which collected data on care arrangement and health status of adults with intellectual disabilities over age 35 through out island. The survey data showed that compare to male adults with intellectual disabilities, female adults with intellectual disabilities had relatively lower level of education, and income status. Female adults with intellectual disabilities were married under which arrangement they gained sources of caring and support from their husband and their children. While male adults with intellectual disabilities whose care provided by their family even until the major care givers died. Clearly, female adults with intellectual disabilities have status of dependency. Aging issues for both male and female adults with intellectual disabilities would mainly concentrate on care arrangement in the future. The second part of this article argued the care issues for adults with intellectual disabilities from discourse on care relationship, care giving and care arrangement of which care is not mare service provision but continue providing care through life time arrangement for most families with member with intellectual disabilities in Taiwan. The related policy and research issue related to aging and intellectual disabilities has been discussed at the final part of this paper.

並列關鍵字

Aging care arrangement gender

參考文獻


周月清、鄒平儀(2004)。成年心智障礙者及其主要照顧者使用臨托服務影響之研究。社會政策與社會工作期刊。8,39-82。
Baker B.L.,Blacker S.B.(1993).Out of home placement for children with mental retardation: dimensions of family Involvement.American Journal of Mental Retaration.98,368-377.
Bigby C.,Matthew P.J.,Edward FA. (eds.)(2000).Community Supports for Aging Adults with Lifelong Disabilities.Baltimore:Paul H Brookes Publishing Co..
Breitenbach N.,Matthew P.S.,Edward F.A.(eds.)(2000).Community Supports for Aging Adults with Lifelong Disabilities.Baltimore:Paul H Brookes Publishing Co..
Chou Y.,Kroger T.(2004).Community Care in Taiwan: More Talk, No Policy, Social Work Approaches.(Heath and Mental Health).

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張宸甄(2015)。嘉義縣高齡父母與子女之代間連帶關係和幸福感之相關研究〔碩士論文,國立中正大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0033-2110201614022696
洪聖雯(2016)。智能障礙學生肥胖相關因素之探討〔碩士論文,中山醫學大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://www.airitilibrary.com/Article/Detail?DocID=U0003-0609201612264000

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