新環境哲學：生態現象學的探索

本文旨在介紹一門新興的環境哲學－生態現象學的中心思想及其哲學根源。首先概要說明現象學之核心概念，再從胡塞爾(Edmund Husserl)與海德格(Martin Heidegger)的早期思維中，發掘出現象學一脈相承的二元批判論以及生態思維。同時，在列維納斯(Emmanuel Levinas)和梅洛龐蒂(Maurice Merleau-Ponty)的現象學中，也呈現以生態現象學為基礎的接觸自然方式。最後，本文以生態現象學詮釋臺灣田園作家陳冠學先生的《田園之秋》，透過文本的分析，做為生態現象學應用的範例－從人類本體出發，以生命經驗為媒介，去真實感受生態系並還原自身善的過程。分析結論顯示人類心態與行為對環境的重要性，期望能對在地化環境教育有所啟發。

關鍵字

環境哲學；現象學；生態現象學；文本分析

並列摘要

In this paper, we introduce and discuss the main ideas and phenomenological roots of a developing environmental philosophy often referred to as eco-phenomenology. Starting from a review of the basic concepts of phenomenology, the article examines and explores the critiques of dualism and the ecological insights of phenomenology from Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger. Readers may also be led to find the phenomenological path to experience nature from the works of Emmanuel Levinas and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. After confirming the ecological roots of this phenomenology, we choose KoarnHack Tarn's ”Fields in Autumn,” one of the pastoral literature masterpieces in Taiwan, for the application of eco-phenomenology via text analysis and interpretation. The text enlightens the possibility of how human beings encounter nature from an eco-phenomenological approach. The findings reveal that the perception and behavior of humanity are crucial for nature. Its implications for local environmental education are discussed.

並列關鍵字

environmental philosophy ； phenomenology ； eco-phenomenology ； text analysis

參考文獻

王東亮譯(2002)。知覺的首要地位及其哲學結論。北京:三聯書店。

Google Scholar

Maurice, M. P.(1964).The primacy of perception, and other essays on phenomenological psychology, the philosophy of art, history, and politics.Northwestern University Press.