浴火鳳凰：一位喪子母親的哀傷調適與意義重建歷程研究

A Study of the Bereavement Adjustment and the Meaning Reconstruction of a Bereaved Mother

林秀玲(Hsu-Ling Lin) ； 戴嘉南(Chia-Nan Tai) ； 黃瑛琪(Ying-Chi Huang)

《諮商輔導學報：高師輔導所刊》 19期 (2008/12) Pp. 31-68

https://doi.org/10.6308/JCG.19.02

摘要

本研究旨在探討一位喪子母親在孩子猝死變故後，其哀傷調適與意義重建歷程，採個案研究法，研究發現如下：受訪者的意義重建歷程共有五個階段：喪子前期、意義斷裂期、意義困住期、意義追尋與尋獲期、與意義印證與深化期。在這五個階段中，因孩子突然猝死，及家人對孩子喪事的冷漠態度，原本信以爲真的意義結構（如生命具有可控制本質、家人是生命依靠），無法解釋失落的殘酷事實，受到重創。受訪者於哀傷調適的過程中，逐漸領悟到原有意義結構的限制，重新追尋活下去的意義，並在佛法中，重建經得起考驗的新意義結構，包括：「生死無常與必然現象」、「人生是苦」、「付出不求回報」，以因果業力來重新詮釋受苦原因，放下對孩子死亡責任追究，而接受不幸命運。隨著這些觀點的轉變，對死亡的態度從陌生，轉變爲關切人死後去處，建構出孩子死後與佛菩薩學佛的景象，生活中積極落實「福禍自造」的自我拯救方法，對死亡賦予新的意義。新的意義結構持續在生命過程中印證和深化。最後研究者針對上述研究結果加以討論，並對未來研究及諮商實務提出建議。

關鍵字

哀傷調適 ； 意義重建 ； 個案研究

並列摘要

This study was designed to explore how the mother faces the significant change of the child-death crisis and converts growth opportunity for life moment. The study was based on qualitative case study as the methodology. This result of study found the followings: The converting process on the meaning of life was inclusive of five stages: the stage before the child died, the fracture stage of meaning, the trapped stage of meaning, the relocating stage of meaning, and the fixation-stage of meaning. In these five stages, the change process began at the sudden death of the child. The mother had changed her beliefs in the meaning of life because she could not explain convincingly why she had suffered in the real world. For example: ”We could predict and control the world.”, ”Family (members) are the foundation of our life.” The mother was battered and deconstructed consequently. In the adaptation of grieved process of the interviewee gradually learned that the original worldview could not answer the suffering she encountered, the significance of re-locating live, and life experience reconstruction. she seeked for the meaning of survival anew. The significance of the restructure include: ”We can not control our lives.”, ”Death is a natural phenomenon.”, ”Give without expectation.”, ”Suffering is part of life.”, ”and expand understanding of the meaning of death.”, ”The new meaning of life continued in the course of life and to the further deepening of the certification. Finally, according to research conclusions, some comments were offered for future research and counseling practice.

並列關鍵字

bereavement adjustment ； meaning reconstruction ； case study

參考文獻

王純娟(2006)。一位喪兒父親的蛻變。中華輔導學報。20，1-50。

Braun, M. L.,Berg, D. H.(1994).Meaning reconstruction in the experience of bereavement.Death Studies.18,105-129.

Davis, C. G.,Wortman, C. B.,Lehman, D. R.,Silver, R. C.(2000).Searching for meaning in loss: Are clinical assumptions correct?.Death Studies.24(6),497-540.

Gillies, J.,Neimeyer, R. A.(2006).Loss, grief, and the search for significance: Toward a model of meaning reconstruction in bereavement.Journal of Constructivist Psychology.19,31-65.

Kelley, M. M.(2003).Bereavement and grief related to a significant death: A psychological and theological study of attachment styles and religious coping.University of Boston.