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客體關係理論在團體心理治療之運用

Application of Object Relations Theory to Group Psychotherapy

摘要


客體關係理論是一種有關人與人之間潛意識互動及幼時與母親互動而內化於人格中之人際模式的理論。在本文作者先就客體關係理論在團體動力上的解釋及其在治療上的運用做精要的述說,而後將其運用在一個憂鬱症團體的治療過程中,分析成員之間的互動變化。作者提到客體關係理論中的主要概念,包括克萊恩的「妄想分裂處境」與「憂鬱處境」,比昂的三個「基本假設團體」,以及溫尼科特的「足夠好的母親」以及「轉換性客體」等,並詮釋成員在團體變化過程中的心境,指出運用客體關係理論的概念於團體動力的分析及治療的原則上時,有其臨床上的適用性。並以本土的治療經驗為例指出客體關係理論亦能夠成為對本土團體在臨床治療上一種的指引,期此模式能在國內有更多的推廣。

並列摘要


The object relations theory is the psychoanalytic theory concerning the unconscious interaction in human relations and the internalized inner model of relationships in one's personality. The author briefly reviews the theory of object relations in group dynamics and then takes the treatment process of a depression group at a psychiatric hospital out patient unit as an example of its application. The author mentions the concepts of Klein's ”paranoid-schizoid position” and ”depressive position”, Bion's three ”basic assumption groups”, Winnicott's ”good enough mother” and ”transitional object”, and how they are applied to the group dynamic and therapeutic process. The author points out it is appropriate to apply these concepts to the analysis of group dynamics and the object relations theory could be taken as a clinical guidance in group psychotherapy of our native cases. Finally he expects this model will be applied more widely in Taiwan.

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