警察機關受理之新移民女性遭受親密關係暴力案件探索性分析

An Exploratory Analysis on Police-Registered IPV Incidents of Female Immigrant Victims

黃蘭媖(Lan-Ying Huang) ； 林育聖(Yu-Sheng Lin) ； 韋愛梅(Ai-Mei Wei)

《犯罪與刑事司法研究》 15期 (2010/11) Pp. 75-115

https://doi.org/10.29861/CCJI.201011.0003

摘要

由於親密關係暴力通報案件中的新移民女性日益增加，這些被害人的處境越來越受到關注，而提升她們的權益也成爲政府施政焦點。然而，過去的研究很少從整體女性被害人的角度檢討新移民女性在進入刑事司法機構時的狀態、需求與後續處理。本研究蒐集了2008年北部兩個縣市警察局處理家庭暴力與兒少保護案件調查記錄表，篩選出1,605件女性親密關係受暴案件進行描述及推論統計，以瞭解、比較東南亞籍以及大陸港澳籍女性和本國籍非原住民、本國籍原住民被害人與其相對人的人口特徵、案件特徵、暴力史、求助史、被害人的態度、員警處理、以及被害人需求等。有幾個重要的發現：首先，新移民女性被害人在大陸港澳籍與東南亞籍之間有許多差異，必須分開探討。其次，在警察通報的案件中外籍被害人教育程度與職業並未如預期般地與本國籍被害人有明顯區隔。再者，新移民女性在此次求助前的受暴史與本次受暴嚴重性與本國籍女性類似，但其較常向警方求助，且其求助的各項需求均較爲殷切，尤其對於緊急安置與庇護的需求明顯高於本國籍被害人。雖然較常求助於警方，警方卻對於求助的東南亞籍女性較少運用緊急保護令。新移民女性較少聲請暫時及一般保護令，在告訴乃論的案件中也較少提出告訴。研究發現指出：或許在親密關係暴力的形式與嚴重程度在本國籍與外籍女性間並無明顯差別，然而，年齡弱勢與婚配形態卻可能影響新移民女性的態度、決定與需求、較少採取較積極的自保措施，也造成她們較少在正式支持系統中獲得實質的協助以改變其處境。根據以上發現，研究者建議警察機關檢討目前的緊急保護令判斷準則、在警察組織中引入不同母語與文化之聯絡官制度、並模仿美國紐約建立公私合作的地區整合服務中心，強化對不同新移民受暴女性的服務。

關鍵字

新移民女性 ； 親密關係暴力 ； 警察

並列摘要

As the number of female immigrant victims in IPV cases increases, a policy to improve their human rights has become government priority. However, previous studies seldom reviewed the status, needs, and responses of female immigrant victims who seek help from the criminal justice practitioners. The current study collected police registered domestic violence cases in two northern counties in Taiwan in the year of 2008. The total sample size is 1,605, which includes only IPV cases with female victims and native (and aborigine native) born abusers. The demographic features, incident features, violence history, victim attitude, police response, and victims' needs are described and compared among four victim groups: non-aboriginal native, aborigine native, southeastern Asian, and mainlanders.
The main findings are summarized as following: first of all, there exist many differences between southeastern Asian and mainlanders, suggesting that they should be discussed separately. Secondly, the education and occupational divide is not as significant between native and immigrant victims as expected. The results indicate that both the violence history and current incident are relatively consistent among the four groups. However, female immigrant victims are more likely to be repetitive help seekers to the police. They also expressed more needs during their contact with the police, particularly the need for emergency relocation and shelters. In spite of their frequent contact with the police, southeastern Asian victims are less likely to have the police petition for urgent protection orders as a third party. Immigrant victims in general are less likely to apply for temporary and ordinary protection orders and to place charges to the abuser.
The findings indicate that although the pattern and level of IPV are relatively consistent, immigrant victims might express different attitude, decision, and needs as a result of their disadvantaged status in the marriage. The fact that they seldom took active self protective measures might hinder their access to resources from formal support systems, which is essential to alter their situation. Some policy implications are addressed according to our findings. We suggest that the police should review their manual of petitions for urgent protection orders. Introducing multicultural police liaison officers in police stations and one stop service desks in local immigrant centers might also improve the integrity and effectiveness of victim services for immigrant females.

並列關鍵字

immigrant female ； intimate partner violence IPV ； police